UJIBELLTFEILE. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 151 



2. CRANTZIA, Nutt. CRANTZIA. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit globose ; the carpels corky, 5-ribbed : an oil-tube 

 in eacli interval. Minute plants, creeping and rooting in the mud, like Hydro- 

 cotyle, but with fleshy and hollow cylindrical or awl-shaped petioles, in place of 

 leaves, marked with cross divisions. Umbels few-flowered, simple. Flowers 

 white. (Named for Prof. Crantz, an Austrian botanist of the 18th century.) 



1. . Imeata, Nutt. (Hydrocotyle lineata, Michx.) Leaves somewhat 

 club-shaped, very obtuse (l'-2' long) ; lateral ribs of the fruit projecting, form- 

 ing a corky margin. Ij. Brackish marshes, from Massachusetts southward 

 along the coast. July. 



3. SAIVICUL.A, Tourn. SANICLE. BLACK SNAKEROOT. 



Calyx-teeth manifest, persistent. Fruit globular ; the carpels not separating 

 spontaneously, ribless, thickly clothed with hooked prickles, each with 5 oil- 

 tubes. Perennial herbs, with palmately-lobed or parted leaves, those from the 

 root long-petioled. Umbels irregular or compound, the flowers (greenish or 

 yellowish) capitate in the umbellets, perfect, and with staminate ones intermixed, 

 Involucre and involucels few-leaved. (Name from sano, to heal.) 



1. S. Canadensis, L. Leaves 3-5- (the upper only 3-) parted; sterile 

 flowers few, scarcely pedicel led, shorter than the fertile ones ; styles shorter than the 

 prickles of the fruit, Copses. June - Aug. Plant l-2 high, with thin 

 leaves ; their divisions wedge-obovate or oblong, sharply cut and serrate, the 

 lateral mostly 2-lobed. Fruits few in each umbellet. 



2. S. IHarilamlica, L. Leaves all 5 - 7-parted ; sterile flowers numerous, 

 un slender pedicels, about the length of the fertile ; styles elongated and conspicuous, 

 recurved. Woods and copses, common. Stem 2 -3 high; the leaves more 

 rigid and with narrower divisions than in the former, with almost cartilaginous 

 teeth. Fruits several in each umbellet. 



4. ERYNGIUM, Tourn. BUTTON SNAKEROOT. 



Calyx-teeth manifest, persistent. Styles slender. Fruit top-shaped, covered 

 with little scales or tubercles, with no ribs, and scarcely any oil-tubes. Chiefly 

 perennials, with coriaceous, toothed, cut, or prickly leaves, and blue or white 

 braeted flowers closely sessile -^n dense heads. (A name used by Dioscorides, 

 of uncertain origin.) 



1. E. yiiccsufdliiim, Michx. (RATTLESNAKE-MASTER. BUTTON 

 SNAKEROOT.) Leaves linear, taper-pointed, rigid, grass-iike, nerved, Iristly- 

 frinqed ; leaflets of the involucre mostly entire and shorter than the heads. 1J. 

 (E. aquaticum, L. in part; but it never grows in water.) Dry or damp pine- 

 barrens or prairies, New Jersey to Wisconsin, and southward. July. 



2. E. Virgilliiiauilll, Lam. Leaves linear-lanceolate, serrate with hooked 

 or somewhat spiny teeth, veiny ; leaflets of the invclucre cleft or spiny -toothed, 

 longer than the cymose whitish or bluish heads, (g) Swamps, New Jersey 

 and southward near the coast. July. 



