208 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



22. IIVUI^A, L. ELECAMPANE. 



Outer scales of the involucre sometimes leaf-like. Achenia terete or 4-sided. 

 Pappus simple, of capillary bristles. Anthers with 2 tails at their base. Oth- 

 erwise much as in the last genus. (The ancient Latin name.) 



1. I. HELENIUM, L. (COMMON ELECAMPANE.) Stout (3-5 high); 

 leaves large, woolly beneath; those from the thick root ovate, petioled, the 

 others partly clasping ; rays very many, narrow. 1J. Road-sides, escaped from 

 cultivation. Aug. Heads very large. Root mucilaginous. (Adv. from Eu.) 



23. PL,<JCHEA, Cass. MARSH FLEABANE. 



Heads many-flowered ; the flowers all tubular ; the central perfect, but sterile, 

 few, with a 5-cleft corolla ; all the others with a thread-shaped truncate corolla, 

 pistillate and fertile. Involucre imbricated. Anthers with tails. Acheuia 

 grooved. Pappus capillary, in a single row. Herbs, somewhat glandular, 

 emitting a strong and disagreeable or camphoric odor, the heads in close com- 

 pound corymbs. Flowers purplish. (Dedicated to the Abbe PI ache.) 



1. P. campliorata, DC. (SALT-MARSH FLEABANE.) Minutely vis- 

 cid, pale (l-2 high) ; leaves scarcely petioled, oblong-ovate or lanceolate, thick- 

 ish, obscurely veiny, serrate ; corymb flat; involucre viscid-downy. (5) (Cony- 

 za camphorata, Bigel. C. Marylandica, Pursk.) Salt marshes, Massachusetts 

 to Virginia and southward. Aug. 



2. P. fffitida, DC. Almost smooth (2 -4 high); leaves distinitli/ petioled, 

 veiny, oval-lanceolate, pointed at both ends, serrate ; corymbs panic-led ; invo- 

 lucre smooth. 1|. River-banks, Ohio to Illinois, and southward. Aug. 



24. BACCIIARIS, L. GROUNDSEL-TREE. 



Heads many-flowered ; the flowers all tubular, dioecious, viz. the pistillate and 

 staminate flowers in separate heads borne by different plants. Involucre imbri- 

 cated. Corolla of the pistillate flowers very slender and thread-like; of the 

 staminate, larger and 5-lobed. Anthers tailless. Achenia ribbed. Pappus of 

 slender capillary bristles, in the sterile plant scanty and tortuous ; in the fertile 

 plant very long and copious. Shrubs, commonly smooth and resinous or glu- 

 tinous. Flowers whitish or yellow. (The name of some shrub anciently dedi- 

 cated to Bacchus.) 



1. 15. lialimifolia, L. (SEA GROUNDSEL-TREE.) Smoolh and some- 

 what scurfy ; branches angled ; leaves obovate and wedge-form, comvcly 

 toothed, or the upper entire ; lieads scattered or in leafy panicles ; scales of the 

 involucre acutish. Sea beach, Massachusetts to Virginia, and southward. 

 S-pl. -Oct. Shrub 6-12 high; the fertile plant conspicuous in autumn by 

 its very long and white pappus. 



2. B. gloiticrillifldra, Pers. Leaves spatulate-oblong ; heads larger, 

 sessile in the axils or in clusters ; scales of the bell-shaped involucre broader 

 and very obtuse: otherwise like the last. Pine barrens, Virginia near iho 

 coast, and southward. 



