230 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



soft hairs. Erect and coarse annuals, of a rank smell, with alternate simplo 

 , and panicolate-corymbed heads of whitish flowers. (The ancient name 

 of some Bpedefl of Groundsel, probably called after Enchllu-.ns.) 



1. E. Ilicracifolia, Raf. (FIKEWEED.) Often hairy ; stem grooved; 

 leaves lanceolate or oblong, acute, cut-toothed, sessile ; the upper often with an 

 auric-led clasping base. (Senecio hicracifulius, L.} Moist woods; Common, 

 especially northward, and in recent clearings, where the ground has been burned 

 over; whence the popular name. July -Sept. Plant l-5 high, with some- 

 what the aspect of a Sow-thistle. 



62. C AC ALIA, L. INDIAN PLANTAIN. 



Heads 5 - many-flowered ; the flowers all tubular and perfect. Scales of the 

 involucre in a single row, with a few bractlets at the base. Receptacle naked. 

 Corolla deeply 5-cleft. Achenia oblong, smooth. Pappus of numerous capil- 

 lary bristles. Smooth and tall perennial herbs, with alternate often petioled 

 leaves, and rather large heads in flat corymbs. Flowers white or whitish. (An 

 ancient name, of uncertain meaning.) 



# Involucre 25 - 30-floiuercd, ivith several bracts at its base : receptacle jlat. 



1. C. suaveolcms, L. Stem grooved (3 -5 high); li tires trfangnlar- 

 lanceolate, halberd-shaped, pointed, serrate, those of the stem on winged petioles. 

 Rich woods, Connecticut to Wisconsin and Kentucky. Sept. 



* * Involucre 5-leaved and 5-Jlowercd, its bracts minute or none : receptacle bearing a 

 more or less evident scale-like pointed appendage in the centre. 



2. C. rcnifdrmis, Muhl. (GREAT INDIAN PLANTAIN.) Stem (4- 

 9 high) grooved and angled ; leaves green both sides, dilated fan-shaped, or the low- 

 est kidney-form (l-2 broad), repand-toothed and angled, palmately veined, peti- 

 oled; the teeth pointed ; corymbs large. Rich damp woods, Penn. to Illinois, 

 and southward along the mountains. Aug. 



3. C. atrfplici folia, L. (PALE INDIAN PLANTAIN.) Stem tcreto 

 (3 -6 high), and with the pahnateln reined and anr/ulate-lobed leaves glaucous; 

 lower leaves triangular-kidncy-form or slightly heart-shaped ; the upper rhom- 

 boid or wedge-form, toothed. Rich woodlands, W. New York to "Wisconsin, and 

 southward. Aug. 



4. C. tllberosa, Nutt. (TUBEROUS INDIAN PLANTAIN.) Stem angled 

 and grooved (2 -6 high), from a thick or tuberous root; leaves gn en both sides. 

 thick, strongly 5 "-nerved; the lower lance-orate or oral, nearly entire, tapering 

 into long petioles ; the upper on short margined petioles, sometimes toothed 

 at the apex. Wet prairies, &c., Ohio to Wisconsin, and southward. June. 



63. SENECIO, L. GROUNDSEL. 



Heads many-flowered ; the flowers nil perfect and tubular, or mostly with the 

 marginal oiu-s radiate; tin- rays pistillate. Scales of the involucre in a single 

 row, or with a few bractlets at the base. Receptacle flat, naked. Pappus of 

 numerous very soft and slender capillary bristles. Herbs, in the United S rates, 



