

SCROPHULARIACE^E. (FIGWORT FAMILY ) 295 



22. EUPHRASIA, Tourn. EYEBRIGHT. 



Calyx tubular or bell-shaped, 4-cleft. Upper lip of the corolla scarcely arched, 

 2-lobed, the lobes broad and spreading ; lower lip spreading, 3-cleft, the lobea 

 obtuse or notched. Stamens 4, under the upper lip : anther-cells equal, pointed 

 at the base. Pod oblong, flattened. Seeds numerous. Herbs with branching 

 stems, and opposite toothed or cut leaves. Flowers small, spiked. (Name 

 eixppaa-ia. cheerfulness, in allusion to its reputed medicinal properties.) 



1. E. officiEi:\las, L. Low; leaves ovate, oblong, or lanceolate, the 

 lowest crenate, the floral bristly-toothed; lobes of the lower lip of the (whitish, 

 yellowish, or bluish) corolla notched. (i) Alpine summits of the White 

 Mountains, New Hampshire (Oakes), L. Superior, and northward. A dwarf 

 variety, l'-5' high, with very small flowers. (E. pusilla, Godet, mss.) (Eu.) 



23. RHIrVANTHUS, L. YELLOW-RATTLE. 



Calyx membranaceous, flattened, much inflated in fruit, 4-toothed. Upper 

 lip of the corolla arched, ovate, obtuse, flattened, entire at the summit, but fur- 

 nished with a minute tooth on each side below the apex ; lower lip 3-lobed. 

 Stamens 4, under the upper lip : anthers approximate, hairy, transverse ; the 

 cells equal, pointless. Pod orbicular, flattened. Seeds many, orbicular, winged. 

 Annual upright herbs, with opposite leaves; the lower oblong or linear; the 

 upper lanceolate, toothed ; the floral rounded and cut-serrate with bristly teeth ; 

 the solitary yellow flowers nearly sessile in their axils, and crowded in a one- 

 sided spike. (Name composed of piv, a snout, and avBos, a flower, from the 

 beaked upper lip of the corolla in some species formerly of this genus.) 



1. It. CriSta-galli, L. (COMMON YELLOW-RATTLE.) Leaves oblong 

 or lanceolate ; seeds broadly winged (when ripe they rattle in the large inflated 

 calyx, whence the English popular name). Moist meadows, Plymouth, Mass, 

 (introduced'?), White Mountains, N. Hampshire, and northward. (Eu.) 



24. PEDICUL.ARIS, Tourn. LOUSEWORT. 



Calyx tubular or bell-shaped, variously 2 - 5-toothed, and more or less cleft 

 in front. Corolla strongly 2-lipped; the upper lip arched, flattened, often 

 beaked at the apex ; the lower erect at the base, 2-crested above, 3-lobed ; the 

 lobes commonly spreading, the lateral ones rounded and larger. Stamens 4, 

 under the upper lip : anthers transverse ; the cells equal, pointless. Pod ovate 

 or lanceolate, mostly oblique, several-seeded. Perennial herbs, with chiefly 

 pinnatifid leaves, the floral bract-like, and rather large flowers in a spike. 

 (Name from ptdicnlns, a louse ; of no obvious application.) 



1. P. Csmadeiisis, L. (COMMON LOUSEWORT. WOOD BETONY.) 

 Hairy; stems simple, clustered ( 5' -12' high) ; leaves stuttered; the loivest pin- 

 natehj parted; thr. others hulf-piimatijid; spike short and dense; calyx split in 

 front, otherwise almost entire, oblique ; upper lip of the (dull greenish-yellow 

 and purplish) corolla hooded, incurved, 2-toothed under the apex; podfla1 t some- 

 what sword-shaped. Copses and banks ; common. May -July. 



