402 JUGLANDACE^l. (WALKUT FAMILY.; 



pleasant-tasted and less oily than the butternut, but greatly inferior to the Euro- 

 pean walnut (J. REGIA). 



2. CARYA, Nutt. HICKORY. 



Sterile flowers in slender lateral catkins which are mostly in threes on a com- 

 mon peduncle: calyx naked, unequally 3-partcd. Stamens 3-8: filaments 

 nearly wanting. Fertile flowers 2-3 together at the end of the branches, with 

 a 4-toothcd calyx: petals none Stigma large, 4-lobed. Fruit globular, with a 

 rather fleshy and at length leathery epicarp or husk, which splits into 4 valves, 

 and falls away when ripe from the smooth and slightly 4-G-angled incompletely 

 4-celled endocarp or nut-shell. Trees with hard and very tough wood, and 

 odd-pinnate leaves of 5-9 leaflets; the two sorts of flowers from the same >ca!y 

 buds with these, the sterile aments borne below the leaves. Pith continuous. 

 (Kapua, an ancient name of the Walnut.) All flower in May, and shed their 

 nuts in October. 



# Seed edible and delicious : husk of the fruit completely 4-valved (falling away in 4 

 separate pieces at Maturity). 



+- Fruit and nut elongated-oblong ; the husk thin : bark of the trunk not shaggy. 



1. C. Olivecftirillis, Nutt. (PECAN-NUT.) Nearly smooth ; leaflets 

 13-15, oblong-lanceolate, serrate, somewhat falcate; nut olive-shaped, with a 

 thin shell. River-bottoms, from Illinois southward. A large tree; its de- 

 licious nuts well-known. 



*- *- Fruit globular, its husk very thick : bark of old trunk shaggy, exfoliating in 

 strips or plates : buds large and very scaly. 



2. C. alba, Nutt. (SHELL-BARK or SHAG-BARK HICKORY.) Leaflets 5, 

 minutely downy underneath, finely serrate, the 3 upper obovate-lanceolate, the 

 lower pair much smaller and oblong-lanceolate, all taper-pointed;/;-////^/ 

 globular; nut somewhat flattened, nearly pointless, with a rather thin whitish shell 

 and a large kernel. Rich moist woods ; common. A tall and handsome live, 

 the old trunks very rough-barked : wood most valuable as timber, and for fuel ; 

 while the fruit furnishes the principal hickory-nuts of the market. 



3. C. Slllcata, Nutt. (THICK SHELL-BARK HICKORY.) Leaflets 7-9, 

 obovate-lanceolate, sharply serrate, downy underneath ; fruit oral, 4-rtl>l>l abuce 

 the middle with intervening furrows ; nut strongly pointed, slightly flattened, with a 

 thick yellowish shell. Rich woods, Penn. to Illinois and Kentucky. Nuts 

 nearly as sweet as in the last, Heart-wood light-colored, 



# * Seed sweetish, but small: valves of the husk not separating to the base : nut hard- 

 shelled : Itark not shaggy. 



4. C. toiueiltosa, Nutt. (MOCKEU-NUT. WHITE-HEART HICKORY.) 

 Leaflets 7-9, oblong- or obovate-lanceolate, slightly serrate, roughish-dtnoity un- 

 derneath as well as the petiole ; catkins hairy ; fruit globular or ovoid, irith a thick 

 and hard hunk, which splits almost to the base; nut somewhat G-angled, the ../// 

 very thick and hard (light brown). Dry woods ; common, especially southward 

 and westward. A tall tree with resinous-scented foliage, and cracked bark on 

 the larger trunks; the wood celebrated for its excellence as fuel. The small 



