IKIDACE^E. (IRIS FAMILY.) 459 



ORDER 123. IRIDACE^E. (Ims FAMILY.) 



Herbs, with er/nitant 2-ranked leaves, and regular or irreyular perfect flow- 

 ers ; the divisions of the G-clcft petal-like perianth convolute in the bud in 2 

 sets, the tube coherent with the 3~celled ovary, and 3 distinct or monadelphous 

 stamens wi'h extrorae anthers. Flowers from a 2-leaved spathe, usually 

 showy and ephemeral. Style single : stigmas 3, opposite with the cells of 

 the ovary. Pod 3-celled, loculicidal, many-seeded. Seeds anatropous: 

 embryo straight in fleshy albumen. Rootstocks, tubers, &c. mostly acrid. 

 A rather small family, here represented by only two genera. 



1. IRIS, L. FLOWER-DE-LUCE. 



Perianth 6-cleft ; the 3 outer divisions spreading or reflexed ; the 3 inner 

 smaller and erect. Stamens distinct, placed before the outer divisions of the 

 perianth, and under the 3 petal-like stigmas. Pod 3 - 6-angled. Seeds de- 

 pressed-flattened. Perennials with creeping and often tuberous rootstocks, 

 sword-shaped or grassy leaves, and large showy flowers. ('Ipis, the rainbow 

 deified, anciently applied to this genus on account of the bright and varied 

 colors of the blossoms.) See Addend. 



* Stems leafy (l-3 hiy/i), often branching: rootstocks thick: flowers cresttess, the 

 inner divisions (petals) much smaller than Hie outer. 



1. I. vet'SfiCOlor, L. (LARGER BLUE FLAG.) Stem stout, angled on 

 one side; leaves s word-si taped (| ; wide) ; ovary obtusely triangular with the sides 

 flat; pod oblong, turgid, with rounded angles. Wet places; common. May, 

 June. Flowers blue, variegated with green, yellow and white at the base, and 

 veined with purple. 



2. I. VirgBtiicl, L. (SLENDER BLUE FLAG.) Stem very slender, 

 terete; bares narrowly linear (^ wide); ovary 3-angled, and each side deeply 

 2-groovcd ; pod triangular, acute at both ends. (I. prismatica, Parsh. I. gm- 

 cilis, B'ujd.} Marshes, Maine to Virginia, and southward, near the coast. 

 June. Flower much smaller than in the last. 



* * Low, almost stemless, 1 - 3-flowered : divisions of the light blue-purple perianth 

 nearly equal : rootstocks slender, and here and there tuberous-thickened, creeping and 

 tufted. 



3. I. veriia., L. (DWARF IRIS.) Leaves linear, grass-like, rather glau- 

 cous, the thread-like tube of the perianth about the length of the divisions, which 

 are all beardless and crestless ; pod triangular. Wooded hill-sides, Virginia, 

 Kentueky, and southward. April. 



4. I. criStfita, Ait. (CRESTED DWARF IRIS.) Leaves lanceolate (3'- 

 5' long when grown) ; those of the spathe ovate-lanceolate, shorter than the 

 thread-like tube of the perianth, which is 2' long and considerably exceeds the divis- 

 ions ; the outer ones crested, but beardless ; pod sharply triangular. Mountains 

 of Virginia, Kentueky, and southward. May. 



5. I. lacustris, Nutt. (LAKE DWARF IRIS.) Tube of the perianth rather 

 shorter than the divisions (yellowish, g'-f long), dilated upicards, not exceeding 



