ARTIFICIAL KEY TO THE NATURAL ORDERS 



OF ALL THE PLANTS DESCRIBED IN THIS WORK, FOUNDED ON SOME OF 

 THE EASIEST CHARACTERS, CHIEFLY THOSE FURNISHED BY THE FLOWER. 



SERIES I. PHJENOGAMOUS OR FLOWERING PLANTS* 



those producing real flowers and seeds. 



CLASS I. DICOTYLEDONOUS OR EXOGENOUS PLANTS. 



Stems formed of bark, wood, and pith ; the wood forming a layer be- 

 tween the other two, arid increasing, when the stem continues from year to 

 year, by the annual addition of a new layer to the outside, next the bark. 

 Leaves netted-veined. Embryo with a pair of opposite cotyledons, or in 

 Subclass II. often 3 or more in a whorl. Parts of the flower mostly in 

 fours or fives. 



SUBCLASS I. ANGIOSPERM^. Pistil consisting of a closed ovary 

 which contains the ovules and the seeds. 



DIVISION I. POLYPETALOUS : the calyx and corolla both present; the 

 latter of separate petals. 



A. Stamens numerous, at least more than tiince as many as the 4-9 petals. 



1. Calyx entirely free and separate from the pistil or pistils. 



* Stamens unconnected either with the calyx or corolla, hypogynous. Pairs 



Pistils numerous, but cohering over each other on a long receptacle. MAGNOLIACE^E, 15 

 Pistils several, immersed in the upper surface of a top-shaped receptacle. NELUMBIACEJ3, 21 

 Pistils more than one, wholly separate and distinct 



Filaments scarcely any, much shorter than the anther. Trees. ANONACK35, 17 



Filaments longer than the anther 



Anthers 4-celled, 4-lobed. Flowers dioecious. Woody vines. MENISPERMACE2E, 18 

 Anthers 2-celled. Flowers mostly perfect. Herbs. 



Petals and mostly the sepals also deciduous. RANUNCULACEJE, 2 



Petals and sepals persistent after flowering. CABOMBACE^l, 22 



Pistils only one, or 2 - several more or less completely united into one. 

 Ovary simple, 1-celled witii one parietal placenta. 



Filaments shorter than the anthers : petals large. Podophylluin in BERBEPkJDACE.33, 19 



Filaments slender. Petals smaller than the sepals. RANUNCULACEJE, 2 



Ovary compound, 8 -30-celled : ovules borne on the partitions. Js YMPiL&ACE^ 22 



O?ary compound, 1-celled, with a free central placenta. PORTULACACE^, 83 



6* 



