262 GALACINE-fi. (OALAX FAMILY.; 



27. MONOTROPA, L. INDIAN PIPE. PINE-SAP. 



Calyx of 2-5 lanceolate bract-like scales, deciduous. Corolla of 4 or 5 

 separate erect spatulate or wedge-shaped scale-like petals, which are gibbous or 

 saccate at the base, and tardily deciduous. Stamens 8 or 10 : filaments awl- 

 shapcd : anthers kidney-shaped, becoming 1 -celled, opening across the top. 

 Style columnar : stigma disk-like, 4 - 5-rayed. Pod ovoid, 8 - 10-grooved, 4-5- 

 celled, loculicidal : the very thick placentas covered with innumerable minute 

 seeds, which have a very loose coat. Low and fleshy herbs, tawn^, reddish, or 

 white, parasitic on roots, or growing on decomposing vegetable matter like a 

 Fungus ; the clustered stems springing from a ball of matted fibrous rootlets, 

 furnished with scales or bracts in place of leaves, 1 - several-flowered ; the flow- 

 ering summit at first nodding, in fruit erect. (Name composed of ft6it9, one, 

 and rporros, turn, from the summit of the stem turned to one side.) 



1. MONOTROPA, Nutt. Plant inodorous, with a single 5-petalled and 10- 

 androus flower at the summit ; the calyx of 2-4 irregular scales or bracts : anthers 

 transverse, opening by 2 chinks; style short and thick. 



1. M. Ullifldra, L. (INDIAN PIPE. CORPSE-PLANT.) Smooth, waxy- 

 white (turning blackish in drying, 3' -8' high) ; stigma naked. Dark and rich 

 woods : common. June- Aug. (Also in the Himalayas !) 



2. HYP6PITYS, Dill. Plant commonly fragrant : flowers several in a scaly 

 raceme; the terminal one usually 5-petalled and IQ-androus, while the rest are 4- 

 petalled and 8-androus ; the bract-like sepals mostly as many as the petals : anthers 

 opening by a continuous line into 2 very unequal valves, the smaller one erect and ap 

 pearing like a continuation of the filament : style longer than the ovary, hollow. 



2. M. Hypopitys, L. (PINE-SAP. FALSE BEECH-DROPS.) Some- 

 what pubescent or downy, tawny, whitish, or reddish (4'- 12' high) ; pod globu- 

 lar-ovoid or oval ; stigma ciliate underneath. The more pubescent form is M 

 lanuginosa, Michx. Oak and pine woods ; common. July, Aug. (Eu.) 



ORDER 63. GALACINE^E. (GALAX FAMILY.) 



Character that of the following genus ; the true relationship of which ia 

 still unknown. 



1. GALAX, L. GALAX. 



Calyx of 5 small and separate sepals, persistent. Petals 5, hypogynous, obo- 

 vate-spatulate, rather erect, deciduous. Stamens hypogynous : filaments united 

 in a 10-toothcd tube, slightly cohering with the base of the petals, the 5 teeth 

 opposite the petals naked, the 5 alternate ones shorter and bearing each a round- 

 ish 1 -celled anther, which opens across the top. Pollen simple. Style short: 

 stigma 3-lobed. Pod ovoid, 3-cclled, loculicidally 3-valvcd : columella none. 

 Seeds numerous, the cellular loose coat tapering to each end. Embryo straight 

 in fleshy albumen, more than half its length. A smooth herb, with a thick 

 matted tuft of scaly creeping rootstocks, beset with fibrous red roots- Bending up 



