SCROPHULARIACEJE. (FIGWORT FAMILY) 205 



22. EUPHRASIA, Toura. EYEBRIBIIT. 



Calyx tubular or bell-shaped, 4-clcft. Upper lip of the corolla scarcely arched, 

 2-lobecl, the lobes broad and spreading; lower lip spreading, 3-cleft, the lobes 

 obtuse or notched. Stamens 4, under the upper lip : anther-cells equal, pointed 

 at the base. Pod oblong, flattened. Seeds numerous. Herbs with branching 

 stems, and opposite toothed or cut leaves. Flowers small, spiked. (Namo 

 fl<ppacria, cheerfulness, in allusion to its reputed medicinal properties.) 



1. E. Officiilalis, L. Low; leaves ovate, oblong, or lanceolate, tho 

 lowest crcnatc, the floral bristly-toothed; lobes of the lower lip of the (whitish, 

 yellowish, or bluish) corolla notched. (jj Alpine summits of the Whito 

 Mountains, New Hampshire (Oakes), L. Superior, and northward. A dwarf 

 variety, l'-5' high, with very small flowers. (E. pusilla, Godet, mss.) (Eu.) 



23. RUIN A IV THUS, L. YELLOW-RATTLE. 



Calyx membranaceous, flattened, much inflated in fruit, 4-toothed. Upper 

 lip of the corolla arched, ovate, obtuse, flattened, entire at the summit, but fur- 

 nished with a minute tooth on each side below the apex ; lower lip 3-lobed. 

 Stamens 4, under the upper lip : anthers approximate, hairy, transverse ; the 

 cells equal, pointless. Pod orbicular, flattened. Seeds many, orbicular, winged. 

 Annual upright herbs, with opposite leaves; the lower oblong or linear; the 

 upper lanceolate, toothed ; the floral rounded and cut-serrate with bristly teeth ; 

 the solitary yellow flowers nearly sessile in their axils, and crowded in a one- 

 sided spike. (Name composed of piV, a snout, and avdos, a flower, from the 

 beaked upper lip of the corolla in some species formerly of this genus.) 



1. R. Crista-glilli, L. (COMMON YELLOW-RATTLE.) Leaves oblong 

 or lanceolate ; seeds broadly winged (when ripe they rattle in the large inflated 

 calyx, whence the English popular name). Moist meadows, Plymouth, Mass;. 

 (introduced ?), White Mountains, N. Hampshire, and northward. (Eu.) 



24. PEDICULAR IS, Tourn. LOUSEWORT. 



Calyx tubular or bell-shaped, variously 2 - 5-toothed, and more or less cleft 

 in front. Corolla strongly 2-lipped; the upper lip arched, flattened, often 

 beaked at the apex ; the lower erect at the base, 2-crested above, 3-lobcd ; the 

 lobes commonly spreading, the lateral ones rounded and larger. Stamens 4, 

 under the upper lip : anthers transverse ; the cells equal, pointless. Pod ovate 

 or lanceolate, mostly oblique, several-seeded. Perennial herbs, with chiefly 

 pinnatifid leaves, the floral bract-like, and rather large flowers in a spike. 

 (Name from pedicuhis, a louse ; of no obvious application.) 



1. P. CaiisuL'-iisis, L. (COMMON LOUSEWORT. WOOD BKTOXT.) 

 Hairy: stems simple, clustered (5'-12' high) ; leaves stuttered; the lowest pin- 

 natdy parted; the others hulf-pinnatijid ; spike short and dense; calyx split in 

 front, otherwise almost entire, oblique ; upper lip of the (dull greenish-yellow 

 and purplish) corolla hooded, incurved, 2-toothed undcir the apex; pod fiat, 

 what tword-ghaped. Copses and banks ; common. May - July. 



