CYPERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 497 



a narrowed base, beaked with a slender conical-awl-shaped distinct tubercle, 

 which nearly equals the 6 bristles. (E. reclinata, Kuntk!) Wet slopes ; com- 

 mon northward. 



*-* *- Bristles 2-4, shorter than the achenium and fragile, or none. 



9. E. tcilUJS, Srhultos. Culms (tlmofit capillary, erect, sharply 4-angular 

 (1 high), the sides concave; spike, rllipliral, acutish, 20 - 30-Jlowercd (3" long); 

 scales ovate, obtuse, chestnut-purple with a broad scariotts margin and green keel ; 

 achenium oborafe, roughened with close, and jin<- projecting dots, crowned with a small 

 depressed tubercle ; bristles 2-3, half the length of the achenium, or wanting. 

 (E. elliptica, Knnlh!) Wet meadows and bogs; common. 



10. E. COIIlprcssa, Sullivant. Culms fiat, strongly striate, slender, 

 erect (1J high); spike ovate-oblong, 20 - 30-fiowcrtd (4" long) ; scales lanceolate- 

 ovate, acute, dark purple with broad white pellucid margins and summit, the latter 

 2-cleft ; achenium dbovafe-pear-shap&t, obtusely 3-angled, obscure/// wrinkled-fritted, 

 crowned with a small globular-conical tubercle; bristles none (rarely a single rudi- 

 ment). Wet places, N. New York, Ohio, and Illinois. Culms tufted on run- 

 ning rootstocks, " broad, strikingly flat, spirally twisted in drying. 



11. E. Illt*IailOCarpa, Torr. Calms flattened, grooved, wiry, erect (9' 

 -18' high) ; spike cylindrical-ovoid or oblong, thick, obtuse, densely many-flowered 

 (3" -6" long) ; scales roundish-ovate, very obtuse, brownish with broad scarious 

 margins ; achemum smooth, obovate-top-shapcd, obtusely triangular, the bruad summit 

 entirely covered like a lid by the flatly depressed tubercle, which is raised in the cen- 

 tre into a short abrupt triangular point; bristles 3 or 4, shorter than the (soon 

 blackish) achenium, fragile, often obsolete. Wet sand, Plymouth, Massachu- 

 setts, to Virginia, and southward along the coast. Scales closely many-ranked, 

 as in the first division of 2. 



12. E. tricOStata, TOIT. Culms flatfish, thread-like (l-2 high) ; spike 

 cylindrical-oblong, densely many-flowered (6"-9" long), thickish; scales ovate, 

 very obtuse, rusty brown, with broad scarious margins ; achenium obovate, with 3 

 prominent thickened angles, minutely rough-wrinkled, crowned with a short-conical 

 acute tubercle; bristles none. Quaker Bridge, New Jersey (Knieskern], and 

 southward. 



*- *- Spike lance-linear, scarcely broader than the sharply triangular culm : scales 

 Jew-ranked, greenish, finely several-nerved on the keeled back. 



13. E. liol>l>iiisii, Oakes. Flower-bearing culms exactly triangular, rather 

 stout, erect (8' -2 high), also producing tufts of capillary abortive stems, like 

 fine leaves, which float in the water ; sheath obliquely truncate ; scales of the 

 pointed spike 3-9, convolute-clasping, lanceolate, obtuse, with scarious mar- 

 gins ; achenium oblong-obovate, 3-angular, minutely reticulated, about half the 

 length of the 6 downwardly-barbed strong bristles, tipped with a flattened awl- 

 shaped tubercle. Shallow water, from Pondicherry Pond, New Hampshire 

 (Bobbins), to Rhode Island, Thurber, &c. Spike varying from $' to 1' long, by 

 1" wide; the long scales being rather remote and sheath-like. 



$3. CELETOCYPERUS, Nees. Scales of the compressed few - several-jlowered 

 spike membranaceoiis, 2 - 3-ranked: bristles 3 - 6, fragile or fugacious : style 3-cleft . 

 achenium triangular or somewhat terete : cidms small and capillary. 

 42* 



