CYPERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 509 



f 8. Perigynia slightly inflated, smooth and shining, green, few-nerved or nerveless, -with a 

 straight tapering beak terminating in 2 small incmbranaccous teeth. Staaiinate spike 

 solitary : fertile spikes all on slender and pendulous stalks. No. 94 - 97. 

 9. Perigynia slightly inflated, smooth, nerved, with a tapering somewhat serrulate beak, 

 terminating in 2 distinct uieuibranaceous teeth ; becoming tawny or yellow at maturity. 

 Stamimite spike solitary. No. 98 - 101. 



10. Perigynia slightly inflated, rough or woolly, with an abrupt straight beak. Staminat* 

 spikes usually 2 or more No. 102 - 105 



11. Perigynia moderately inflated, smooth (except No. 109), conspicuously many-nerved, with 

 a straight beak terminating in 2 rigid more or less spreading teeth. Staminate spikes 1- 

 5 No. 106 - 112 



12. Perigynia much inflated, smooth, conspicuously many-nerved, with a long tapering 2- 

 toothed beak Staminate spike solitary. No. 113 120 



13. Perigynia much inflated, obovoid or obconic, smooth, few-nerved, with an extremely ab- 

 rupt, very long, 2-toothed beak, tawny or straw-colored at maturity, horizontally spread- 

 ing or deflexed. Terminal spike staminate, or androgynous and fertile at the apex. 

 No. 121, 122. 



14. Perigynia much inflated, smooth, nerved (except No 132), shining and straw-colored at 

 maturity, with a tapering and more or less elongated 2-toothed beak. Staminate spikes 

 2-3. No. 123-132. 



A Spike solitary, simple, dioecious or androgynous : bracts small, colored and scale* 

 like. PsYLLOi'iiOK-afl, Loiscl. 



4 1 . Spike dioecious, or the fertile merely ivith a few staminate flowers at the base. 

 * Stigmas 2 : leaves all radical, bristle-form. 



1. C. gyiiocrates, Wormskiold. Calm and leaves smooth, or minutely 

 rough at the top ; barren spike linear ; fertile spike ovoid, loosely flowered ; peri- 

 gynia oblong, short-beaked, with a white membranaceous obtusely 2-toothed apex, nar- 

 rowed at the base, nerved throughout, smooth, spreading horizontally at maturity, 

 longer than the acute or acutish seale. (C. dioica, ed. 1, not of L.) Swamps, 

 "Wayne County, New York (Sartnv.ll), to Michigan and northward. (Eu.) 



2. C. exilis, Dew. Culm rough; spike rarely all staminate and filiform, 

 but commonly fertile with a few staminate flowers at the base, densely flowered, 

 occasionally with 1-2 very small additional fertile spikes below the sterile 

 flowers ; perigynia ovate-lanceolate, plano-convex, with a few fine nerves only on the 

 convex side, serrulate on the margin, 2-toothed at the apex, spreading, rather longer 

 than the acute scales. Swamps, E. New England to New Jersey, near the 

 coast: also borders of mountain lakes, Essex County, New York. 



* * Stigmas 3 : leaves flat. 



3. C. SCirpoidea, Miehx. Spike narrowly cylindrical ; perigynia ovoid, 

 with a minute point, densely hairy, dark purple at maturity, about the length of 

 the pointed ciliate scale. (C. Worinskioldiana, Hornem. C. Michauxii, Schw.) 

 s - Alpine summits of the White Mountains, New Hampshire (OaJces, frc.), Wil- 

 loughby Mt, Vermont ( Wood), Drummond's Island, Michigan, and northward. 



2. Spike androgynous, staminate at the summit. 

 * Stigmas 2 : leaves bristle-form. 



4. C. capitata, L. Spike small, roundish-ovoid ; prrigynia broadly ellip- 

 tical with a notched membranaceous point, comprcssi'd, smooth, spreading, longer 



43* 



