CYFERACE.fi. (SEDGE FA.MILY.) 511 



bracts light brown, resembling the scales, or with a prolonged point, shorter 

 than the (at maturity) brown and chaffy-looking spikes. SICC.VT.JE. 



11. C. bromoidcs, Schk. Spikes 4-6, alternate, oUong-lanceolate, some 

 of the central ones wholly fertile ; perigynia erect, narrow-lanceolate with a taper- 

 ing point, solid and spongy at the base, longer than the lanceolate scale ; sty le 

 jointed at the base. Swamps, &c. ; common. A slender species, occasionally 

 dioecious. 



12. C. siccala, Dew. Sptfces 4 - 8, ellipsoid, the uppermost, and commonly 

 } - 3 of the lowest, fertile below, the intermediate ones frequently all staminate ; peri- 

 gynia ovate-lanceolate, compressed, with a long rather abrupt beak, about the 

 length of the scale ; style minutely hairy. (C. pallida, C. A. Meyer. C. Lid- 

 doni, ed. 1, not of Boott.) Sandy plains, New England to Illinois, and north- 

 westward. 



13. C. Sartwellii, Dew. Spikes numerous, short and ovoid, the upper chief- 

 ly staminate, the lower principally or entirely fertile ; perigynia ovate-lanceolate, the 

 margins not united to the top, leaving a deep cleft on the outer side ; scale ovate, 

 pointed, about the length of the perigynium. Seneca County, New York (Sart- 

 well), to Illinois. Too near C. intermedia of Eu. 



2. Spikes pistillate below, staminate at the summit. 



# Perigynia of a thick and corky texture, with a short 2-toothed roughly-margined 

 beak, nerved towards the base, dark chestnut-brown and polished at maturity: 

 spikes decompound, paniculate : scales light brown, with white membrana- 

 ceous margins ; the bracts at the base resembling them, and with a short bristly 

 prolongation. PANICULA.TJE. 



14. C. teretiuscula, Good. Spikes with very short appressed branches, 

 forming a slender crowded spiked panicle ; perigynia ovate, unequally biconvex^ 

 short-stalked, with 3-5 short nerves on the outer side near the broad somewhat heart- 

 shaped base ; scale acute, rather shorter than the perigynium ; achenium obovoid- 

 pyriform, obtusely triangular. (C. paniculata, var. teretiuscula, Wahl.) Swamps ; 

 common, especially northward. (Eu.) 



Var. mfijor, Koch. Spikes more panicled ; perigynia rather narrower. 

 (C. paniculata, var. minor, ed. 1. C. Ehrhartiana, Hoppe. C. prairiea, Dew.) 

 Bogs and low grounds, New England to Wisconsin, and northward. (Eu.) 



15. C. decomposita, Muhl. Panicle large, with very numerous dense- 

 ly-crowded spikes on the rather short spreading branches ; perigynia obovate, un- 

 equally biconvex, sessile, with a short very abrupt beak, conspicuously nerved on each 

 side, about the length of the ovate pointed scale. (C. paniculata, var. decom- 

 posita, Dew.} Swamps, W. New York (Sartwell) to Penn., Illinois, and south' 

 westward. 



# * Perigynia small, compressed, 2-3-nerved, mcmbmnaceous, with a short 2- 

 toothed rough beak, yellow or brown at maturity : spikes decompound, with nu- 

 merous small very densely- flowered heads : scales of the fertile spikes tawny, with 

 the green keel prolonged into a rough point : bracts short and resembling 

 them at the base, or often becoming green and bristle shaped, and much ex 

 eeeding the culm. MULTIFILE M. 



