520 CYPEKACEJE. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 



what remote ; pcrigynia elliptical, ohtuseh triangular, compressed, obscurely 

 nerved, with a distinctly notched oriiicc, srarecly equalling the ovate sharp- 

 pointed or short-awned (dark-brown or brownish) scale. (C. eanesccns, L., in 

 part.) Peat-bogs, New England to Wisconsin, and northward ; also southward 

 along the Alleghanies. (K.) 



56. C. atrafa, L. X/>ikex .3 - 4, oblong-oroid, iifipro.i-iiti.ati', ail on aJtort Jill- 

 form stalks, at length drooping; pcrigynia ovoid, with a short notched point, 

 about the length of the ovate acute (brown or dark purple) scale. Alpine .sum- 

 mits of the White Mountains, New Hampshire.. About 12'- 15' high, with 

 rather rigid leaves, nearly equalling the culm. .Fruit at first straw-color, mostly 

 becoming dark purple or nearly black. (Ku.) 



57. C. SliOl'tiaiia, Dew. S]>ikes about. 5, cylindrical, erect, more or less 

 distant, greenish turning straw-color, (i-'-l^' long-,) and the lowest rather re- 

 mote, all androgynous and densely flowered j the terminal one about half stami- 

 nate, the rest with only a few barren flowers at the base, the 2-3 lower on short 

 stalks ; perigynia broadly obocate, abruptly contracted at the base into a short stalk, 

 with an. c.rtn-inefy ni/niite cut/re point, little longer than the short-pointed somewhat 

 obovate scale. Marshes, S. Pennsylvania to Illinois, and southward. Plant 

 l-3 high. 



2. Perigynia without a beak, smooth, slightly inflated, bluntly triangular, nerved, 

 with an obtuse and point lex* orijiec, or a short (and straight or oblique) entire 01 

 notched point : bracts leaf-like'., sheathing : staminate. spike solitary (except some- 

 times in No. f>2), or androgynous and pistil/ate above ; the rest all fertile. 



# Staminate spike on an derated stalk (short-stalked or sessile in No. 63, 64, in 

 No. 61 occasionally with 1-2 small ones at its base) : pistillate spikes 1 -6, 

 erect, the upper- on very short, the lower on more or less elongated exsertcd 

 stalks (short and included in No. 64) : braci* dmrter than the culm (except in 

 No. 58 and <J3) : perigynia iritli an. entire, and stra /(//it. or obliquely be/it point, glau- 

 cous-green when, young, becoming en a. in -colored or yellow at maturity, sometimes 

 spotted with purple (stigmas only 2 in No. 58) : pistillate scales dark -brown 

 with white margins, fading to tawny. (Leaves mostly radical, more or less 

 glaucous.) PANICKY. 



58. C. aurea, Nutt. 7-V/-///./ s/>/'k^s 3-4, Mmy, loosely flowered, the lowest 

 often very remote ; perigynia oborate or pear'Shaped, obtuse, longer than the ovate 

 acute scale ; stigmas 2 ; adu ninm If.nt/ctilar. (C. pyriformis, Schw.) Wet grassy 

 banks, especially on limestone ; New England to Wisconsin, and northward. 

 A slender, delicaK; species, 4' -8' high, with long grassy leaves, and bracts 

 exceeding the culm. Sterile spike often with some fertile flowers at the apex. 



59. C. livifla, Willd. I-\riile spikes 1-2, rarely with a third near the 

 base of the culm, 10- 15 : //<^v/v//,- fii-rigynia nroid-nb/ong, irith faint ixlliicid >n>rr, v, 

 tipped with a straight obtuse jtoint, rather longer than the ovate scale. (C. 

 limosa, var. livida, Walil. ('. (Irayana, heir,} Peat-bogs and wet pine barrens, 

 New Jersey, Oriskany, New Vork, and high northward. Occurs rarely with a, 

 single (sterile) spike, or with an additional fertile one on an e'.vct stalk 6'-9' 

 long, arising from the base of the culm. 1'lant \ery glaucous, tin- lca\es rigid 

 and finely tapering. (Ku.) 



