CONTENTS. 



XI 



40. Hydrocarbons. 



Occurrence in nature Formation of hydrocarbons Prop- 

 erties Paraffin or methane series Methane Coal Natural 

 gas Coal-oil, petroleum Illuminating gas Coal-tar Ole- 

 fines Benzene series or aromatic hydrocarbons Volatile or 

 essential oils 298-307 



41. Alcohols. 



Constitution of alcohols Occurrence in nature Formation 

 and properties of alcohols Monatomic normal alcohols 

 Methyl alcohol Ethyl alcohol Alcoholic liquors Wines, 

 beer, spirits Amy 1 alcohol Glycerin Nitro-glycerin Phe- 

 nols . 307-314 



42. Aldehydes. Haloid derivatives. 



Aldehydes Acetic aldehyde Paraldehyde Trichloral- 

 dehyde Chloral hydrate -* Chloroform Bromoform lodo- 

 form Ethyl bromide Sulphonal 315-321 



43. Monobasic fatty acids. 



General constitution of organic acids Occurrence in nature 

 Formation of acids Properties Fatty acids Formic acid 

 Acetic acid Vinegar Reactions for acetates Acetate of 

 potassium, sodium, zinc, iron, lead, and copper Acetone 

 Butyric acid Valerianic acid and its salts Oleic acid . . 322-330 



44. Dibasic and tribasic organic acids. 



Oxalic acid, oxalates, and analytical reactions Tartaric 

 acid; analytical reactions -Potassium tartrate Potassium- 

 sodium tartrate Antimony-potassium tartrate Action of cer- 

 tain organic acids upon certain metallic oxides Scale com- 

 pounds Citric acid; analytical reactions Citrates Lactic 

 acid Ferrous lactate . .... 331-339 



45. Ethers. 



Constitution Formation of ethers Occurrence in nature 

 General properties Ethyl ether Acetic ether Ethyl nitrite 

 Amyl nitrite Fats and fat oils oap Lanolin . . . 339-346 



46. Carbohydrates. 



Constitution Properties Occurrence in nature Groups of 

 carbohydrates Grape-sugar; tests for it Fruit-sugar Inosite 

 Cane-sugar Milk-sugar Starch Dextrin Gums Cellu- 

 lose Nitro-cellulose Glycogen Glucosides Digitalin My- 

 ronic acid ........... 345-355 



47. Amines and amides. Cyanogen compounds. 



Forms of nitrogen in organic compounds Amines Amides 

 Amido-acids Formation of amines and amides Occurrence 

 in nature Cyanogen compounds Dicyanogen Hydrocyanic 

 acid Potassium, silver, and mercuric cyanides Reactions for 

 cyanides Antidotes Cyanic acid Sulphocyanic acid Me- 

 tallocyanides Potassium ferrocyanide Reactions for ferro- 

 cyanides Potassium ferricyanide Nitro-cyan-methane . . 355-366 



