LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



PAGE 



PLATE I.— 1. The Sacred Beetle. 2. The Sacred Beetle rolling his 



pill. 3. Rolling the pill to the eating burrow - - Frontispiece 



PLATE II. — Bun-ow and pear-shaped ball of the Sacred Beetle facing 20 



Fig. 1. — Section of the Sacred Beetle's pill, showing the egg and the 



hatching-chamber .-.-... 24 



PLATE III. — 1. The Sacred Beetle pushing away and overturning a 

 thieving friend who tries to force his assistance upon him. 2, Crypt 

 in which the Beetle shapes a grub's provision into a pear - facing 36 



Fig. 2. — The Sacred Beetle's pill dug out cupwise to receive the egg - 39 

 Fig. 3.— Grub of the Sacred Beetle - - - . - 46 



Fig. 4. — Digestive apparatus of the Sacred Beetle - - - 47 



PLATE IV.— 1 and 2. The Spanish Copris, male and female. 3. The 

 pair jointly kneading the big loaf, which, divided into egg-shaped 

 pills, will furnish provisions for each grub of the brood. 4. The 

 mother alone in her burrow : five pills are already finished ; a 

 sixth is in process of construction - - . . facing 72 



Fig. 5. — The Copris's pill : first state - - - - - 72 



Fig. 6.— The Spanish Copris's pill dug out cupwise to receive the egg - 73 

 Fig. 7.— The Spanish Copris's pill : section showing the hatching- 

 chamber and the egg - - - . . - 73 

 Fig. 8. — Phanaeus Milo ------. i02 



Fig. 9.— Work of Phanceus Milo. A, the whole piece, actual size. 

 B, the same opened, showing the pill of sausage-meat, the clay 

 gourd, the chamber containing the egg and the ventilating-shaft - 104 

 Fig. 10.— Work of Phanxus Milo : the largest of the gourds observed 



(natural size) ----... i08 



ix 



