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heavy pressure, as compared with a finer spray and more 

 moderate power. In fact, it is impossible with an average 

 of only 1.45 to 2 per cent, of wormy fruit on the sprayed 

 plots, to obtain any very marked benefit. It was found that 

 on plots 1 to 3, 10 to 18.36 per cent, of all the wormy apples 

 were entered at the end, an average of 14 per cent, end 

 Avormy. Similarly, in the case of plots 4 to 6. the variation 

 was from 9.94 per cent, to 12.50 per cent, or an average of 

 11.50 per cent, of end wormy apples in the total infested. 

 Comparing these percentages with the 69.37 per cent, end 

 wormy of the infested apples on the two check trees, it will 

 be seen that the major proportion of the codling larvae de- 

 stroyed, must have been killed in or about the blossom end 

 because of the enormous reduction in the number of end 

 wormy apples. There is a slight percentage in favor of the 

 coarse spray with the Bordeaux nozzle. Comparing the to- 

 tals for plots 1 to 3 and 4 to 6 respectively, it is seen that riie 

 first sprayed with the Friend nozzle produced 50,173 apples, 

 98.87 per cent, being free from infestation, while the latter 

 sprayed with the Bordeaux nozzle yielded 47,298 apples, 

 and had 98.81 per cent, of worm-free fruit, a difference of 

 only .06 per cent, in favor of the finer spraying. 



These experiments were duplicated in part in the or- 

 .chard of Mr. Edward VanAlstyne of Kinderhook, N. Y., and 

 very similar results obtained. The data justifies the ex- 

 pectation that, under normal conditions as they were found in 

 the Hudson valley at least, one thorough application of poi- 

 son within a week or ten days after the blossoms fall, should 

 result in protecting a very large percentage, 98 to 99 per. 

 cent, of the fruit, from codling moth injury. We would 

 emphasize the necessity of thorough work, though by this 

 we do not mean an effort to drive the poison into the lower 

 calyx cavity, desirable though this may be on theoretical 

 grounds, but thoroughness in covering the foliage, the 

 young fruit, and in particular the blossom end, a point fa- 

 vored, as our investigations show, by 37 to 69 per cent, of 

 the worms entering the apples. We Avould select a nozzle 

 giving the most uniform and rapid distribution of spray 

 without regard to penetration. This should not be under- 

 stood as discouraging the employment of high pressure, 

 since this is undoubtedly an important factor in thorough 

 and rapid work, the latter being extremely desirable on ac- 

 count of the limited time when successful applications may 



