38 



market when a "blush" Greening fails to do so. There is 

 also a trade objection to the "blush" Greening from the 

 fact that the consumer is rarely able to distinguish it from 

 Monmouth Pippin — a red-cheeked green apple which is in- 

 ferior to Greening and does not serve at all well the purpose 

 for which Greening is bought. In view of these trade con- 

 ditions, the writer has especially sought those soil charac- 

 teristics which best contribute to the production of a 

 "green" Greening and in previous writings or in meetings 

 addressed, the soil adaptations for the Rhode Island Green- 

 ing have been described with the green type of apple as the 

 standard sought. Bearing this ideal in mind, the soils 

 adapted to this variety are distinct from the Baldwin stan- 

 dard. In fact, these two varieties, considered as standards, 

 differ so markedly in soil requirements that the soil adapta- 

 tions of other varieties may well be compared with either 

 the Baldwin or the Rhode Island Greening soil standard. 

 A surface soil of heavy silty loam or light silty clay loam 

 underlain by silty clay loam excels for the "green" Rhode 

 Island Greening. Such soil Avill retain sufficient moisture 

 to be classed as a moist soil, yet it is not so heavy as ever to 

 be ill-drained if surface drainage is adequate. The soil 

 should be moderately rich in organic matter, decidedly 

 more so than for the Baldwin. In contrast to the Baldwin 

 soil in the growth of corn, it should keep the lower leaves 

 of the plant green until harvesting time, or at least until 

 late in the season. Such soil conditions maintain a long 

 seasonal growth under uniform conditions of moisture, and 

 thus produce the firm yet crisp texture, the remarkable 

 juiciness and the high flavor for which this variety is not- 

 ed when at its best. If grown on a soil too sandy, the 

 Rhode Island Greening lacks fineness of grain, flavor, if 

 judged for its full matiire season, and the juicy quality in 

 greater or lesser degree depending on the extent of the de- 

 parture from those soil characteristics which contribute to 

 its production. If a high blush is desired, however, to sup- 

 ply other market conditions, a soil someAvhat warmer than 

 that described should be selected, — a deep, light, mellow 

 loam or productive fine sandy loam being favorable. To se- 

 cure a "finish" of this character, scils approaching more 

 nearly to the Baldwin standard are best adapted. 



The Rhode Island Greening is more restricted in area 

 than the Baldwin, not adapting itself to the climatic condi- 

 tions as far south as the Baldwin, even though suitable soils 



