26 



there was this bunch of mummy grapes that he had soaked in 

 the vitriol, and all around that buiich the grapes were 

 plastered with rot. The fungus had lived through that 

 immersion in vitriol. That was due to the fact that tho 

 fungicide in solution in the water was filtered out. The 

 water went through. If you sprayed the apple leaves on the 

 ground the water might go through the leaves. But at that 

 time there are no spores yet formed. There would be in the 

 spring enough spores there so that they would ripen up and 

 be shot into the air just the same. Generally speaking, no 

 success has ever been attained by treating them in that way, 

 by spraying any solution on them in the fall. 



MR. RICHARDS. I have been told by a fruit gromer 

 that you must spray early in the spring. The speaker spoke 

 of spraying at the time when the blossom is about to open. 

 Now, in the east we have to some extent the San Jose scale. 

 Shall we spray early in the season, say, the middle of March 

 or the first of April? The other question is in regard to 

 leaves. Some of my trees seem to be infected with yellow 

 leaves, which are curled. I don't mean being dried up and 

 ready to fall, but I thought that perhaps it is lice, that the 

 lice got on the leaves, and I would like to have him explain 

 I oth of those questions if he will. 



DR. WHETZEL. To be sure, we make the dormant 

 spray in New York, but since I was talking about scabs I 

 (•mitted that on purpose. The so-called dormant spray is 

 made just when the buds begin to put out green, that it, be- 

 fore you see the blossom clusters, just when they have 

 swollen up to show a little green ; that is when we make 

 what we call our dormant spray for scale, blistermite, bud 

 moth, case bearer, and so on. It is almost entirely an insect 

 spray, and we use the lime-sulfur, one to nine or eleven, de- 

 pending on whether you have the San Jose there or not. If 

 you have the San Jose, it is one to nine ; if it is the blister- 

 mite, it is one to eleven. To this we add from two to three 

 pounds of arsenate of lead for fifty gallons. This catches 

 the bud moth. Lime-sulfur, one to nine for scale, and one 

 -to eleven for blistermite; to that we add 'the two or three 



