35 



I thin out my apples, thin out everything four or five times 

 before they are gathered, and I always throw out those 

 apples that have this defect just around the calyx, a dry 

 rot. It spoils the look of the apple, 



DR. WHETZEL. I can only guess the answer to that 

 question. There is a large number of calyx rots. One 

 which has been especially troublesome in the west and also 

 some in the east here is known as the ordinary core rot. 

 It starts at the blossom and goes down to the core. Does 

 this go into the core? , 



MR RICHARDS. No. 



DR WHETZEL. Just a black spot? 



MR. RICHARDS. Yes. 



DR.WHETZEL. You probably have what is generally 

 held here in New England to be arsenate of lead injury. It 

 appears as a black spot around the calyx cup ; it doesn 't 

 go in very deep, but sometimes your fruit cracks. I think 

 the evidence is pretty good that it is due to an accumulation 

 of arsenate of lead ; I think that is probably what you have. 



MR. COX. In spraying with oil is it well to drench 

 the tree? 



DR.WHETZEL. That is the bug man's question. I 

 don't know anything about it. 



MR. FOX OF TAUNTON. I would like to ask wheth- 

 er cedar rust can be controlled by spraying? 



DR. WHETZEL. Yes, sir, it can be controlled by 

 spraying. At the Cleveland meeting of the American Path- 

 ological Association we had a number of papers on the ques- 

 tion of the control of cedar rust, which is now an important 

 question to Fruit Growers. We are just goings through an 

 epidemic of cedar rust the country over. It was conclu- 

 sively shown that rust could be controlled by one spraying. 

 The difficultj^ involved is to know just when to make that 

 spraying, and I was not able to gather from the evidence 

 presented enough facts to enable me to formulate in my 

 own mind exactly when that spraying should be done. In 

 general, the proposition is this: The fungus winters on the 



