93 



way. The apple trees are set 36x36 feet apart, so that filled 

 one way the trees stand 18x36 feet apart. Two thirds of 

 these apple trees were top grafted in 1908 and 1909, not only 

 increasing the expense of growing but delaying the bearing 

 period. These trees have not yet begun to bear profitably. 

 The other third of the apple trees (Dutchess of Oldenburg) 

 have borne three small crops. The plums have borne but 

 one satisfactory crop. The orchard is ten rows wide and 47 

 containing in all 467 trees. 



The facts about this orchard are not necessarily cited as 

 an example of good management. In fact there are many 

 points about its management which illustrate how not to do 

 it. Still I suppose it illustrates an average condition of af- 

 fairs. We cannot all be Hales and Lyraans. Most of us 

 i-'iust be content to be John Smiths. Because this is the or- 

 chard of a John Smith we consider the record of it a more 

 "valuable example to the average grower. 



Stuninary of Costs for Ten Year*— Field A.— <l.6 Acres 



4 67 Treea Set 18x36 Feet Apart. 



Net inc. Income Cost 

 Crop from from of 



Year Grown Crop orchard orcha rd Profit Loss 



1903 Com $15.17 $109.87 $94.70 



1904 Beans 42.57 216.16 173.59 



1905 Beans 43.13 83.78 40.65 



1906 Beans 120.90 80.14 $40.76 



1907 Beans 38.85 84.97 46.12 



1908 Corn 37.68 64.22 26.54 



1909 Oats and Strawberries 100.61 $27.88 84.73 43.76 



1910 Wheat 60.70 38.65 96.35 3.00 



1911 Hay 58.63 38.00 96.19 .44 



1912 Hay 52.72 30.36 137.26 54.18 



Total 570.96 134.89 1053.63 87.96 435.78 



Net loss on field for ten years $347.82 



Average annual loss 34.78 



Total cost an acre for 10 years exclusive of income 159.64 



Total cost an acre for 10 years including income 52.70 



Total net cost a 100 trees 74.50 



Total net cost a 100 apples trees 16.10 



Total cost a 100 apples trees exclusive of income 48.70 



We find that this orchard has cost $159.64 an acre dur- 

 ing the ten years of its life, but that the $86.51 an acre of 

 crops grown in the orchard during this time together with 



