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raried from 163 gallons yield to 753, or 462 per cent varia- 

 tion and again the best tree began business early and made 

 a record the first year it bore which it retained throughout 

 the test. In two Mcintosh trees one produced 230 gallons 

 and another 501, a difference of 218 per cent. In five Patten 

 Greening trees the yield varied from 209 gallons to 502 

 gallons or 240 per cent. In other words, in these trials, the 

 variation in yields between the different varieties was from 

 218 per cent to 462 per cent between the highest and tho; 

 lowest. We may not be able to raise the average of the 

 Avhole orchard to this degree any more than in the timothy 

 breeding experiment in Cornell University where it is ex- 

 pected to raise the average yield under field conditions to 

 the same degree to which it occurred in the test plats ; but 

 there in the timothy experiments it has been found to be 

 possible to increase the yield 40 to 45 per cent under field 

 conditions which is an enormous gain. Taking one of our 

 own orchards which was neglected until five or six years, 

 ago, the trees being about 30 to 33 years old at the time, 

 about 220 trees in the orchard, we find that the average 

 yield is about 4 barrels per tree, in other words, we have 

 one tree which has produced for the five years, 10, 4, 12, 

 14 and 4 barrels of apples, that is, first class fruit fit to barrel. 

 a yield of nearly 9 barrels average. Naturally if the yield of 

 the orchard is 4 barrels there are some trees which are not 

 paying their way compared with such a tree as I have men- 

 tioned. We find that there are three E. I. Greening trees 

 which have stood out remarkably for 2 or 3 years and about 

 6 trees more which come in as of excellent quality in regard 

 to yield, but have some other characteristic which militates 

 against them. For instance, two trees will ahvays furnish a 

 Greening which we can use for exhibition purposes in Sep- 

 tember, because they are so large that they are attractive, 

 but this fruit does not show as good keeping quality as is 

 found on certain other trees. We have been able to pick G 

 barrels of 3-ineh apples without any trouble from one tree 

 and never run them through onto the table at all, merely 



