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portion grows nearer the ground. I belive in low-heading. 

 It is business. I believe in three or four limbs, and the 

 leader in certain varieties, varieties which are apt to tear 

 down, varieties in which you want shade in the tree, such 

 as Greenings, where you want to keep them green. I be- 

 lieve in an open-headed tree in varieties where you want 

 color, especially if your conditions are adverse to spreading 

 the tree. In other words, with us, if our soil is heavy, our 

 Spy tends to grow thick, branches bunched together. Un- 

 der such conditions I would try to make an open-headed tree. 

 As a rule then for our conditions the Spy head is open, the 

 Baldwin is open, the Greening and the Wealthy would be 

 left with the center in. 



My contention is that if you will leave the limbs alone 

 and not cut them back, they will fill up with fruit spurs and 

 come into bearing quicker. We have Baldwins five years 

 planted bearing 1 1-2 bushels. There is an orchard nearby 

 which has been handled in this way, an orchard of Hub- 

 bardstons, which at four years picked half a barrel. Some 

 of the Baldwins did the same at five and every tree in the 

 orchard was bearing. 



We are going to follow a system which is suited to the 

 times, and are not going to follow the previous methods. 

 Until a tree was in bearing I would not prune it any more 

 than to probably take out a limb that was interfering. The 

 early bearing induces a normal spread of the branches. We 

 have trees five years planted, Greenings, which are bearing 

 and have a ten-foot spread. We have Greenings which have 

 been propagated from individual trees which give me faith 

 in the value of selection, because we selected Greenings 

 which maintained their green color and on the young trees, 

 apples which were left on until November retained their 

 green color. Everj'- tree of one block, 3.03, were bearing at 

 four years, one of them had 179 fruits and another 182. 

 With some trees you will have to take a couple of years to 

 form the head, the limbs may be too close together to leave 

 them all. 



