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your greater knowledge whether your conditions are right 

 for that. It has already been mentioned that Mr. Grant 

 Hitching at Syracuse, N. Y., has a very profitable venture 

 in an orchard in sod. Mr. Cox and Mr. Vergon of Ohio 

 have very good results from orchards in sod. In other 

 districts there seems to be a feeling that is fairly well 

 proven that cultivation is better. I think it is a local 

 problem. 



MR. ROBERTS. Is it better to cut back an old orchard, 

 or set out a new one? 



MR. ERASER. We found on some of our big trees 

 which were occupying the land for a long time that where 

 ever a man had to go up over 30 feet to get the apples the 

 cost ran up to 60 to 75 cents a barrel to pick them and it 

 was better to cut them off right at the ground. 



A VOICE. Why not discharge the man that cost so 

 much as that to pick them f 



MR. ERASER. Well, I thought I would make sure 

 that he w^ouldn't be doing that work any more. (Laughter 

 and applause). 



MR. FAVRE. In setting out an orchard for Baldwins 

 would it be advisable or better to intersperse those with 

 some early varieties, or set them in all in one block? 



i\IR. ERASER. With the object of cross-pollenation? 

 We have no evidence that Baldwins need a pollenizer. 

 Personally, I believe that the Rhode Island Greening does 

 in an unfavorable year in Western New York, and for that 

 reason for Rhode Island Greenings I have planted Baldwins 

 as pollenizers, and in no case have we any varieties wider 

 than four rows. I have used Baldwins four rows and 

 Greenings four rows, Baldwins three and Greening three, 

 although I suppose that if I didn't have the particular type 

 of soil that I have I couldn't do it. The Baldwins do the 

 best with us on a sandy loam, and the Greenings do best on 

 a clay loam, and it is only because we have a loam soil that 

 we are able to do this. But I don't think that the Baldwin 

 needs any other variety. 



