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young men to start in and raise fruit, even where they have 

 got limited capital and the dollars count. We are looking 

 for individuals to get out of this state what they ought to, 

 and they haven 't always got enough to do it with. If a man 

 has got a big bank account, he can go ahead and spray, but 

 if he has got to go and borrow money or dig it out by raising 

 corn or something of that kind, the question that he wants 

 answered is whether it is absolutely necessary to pay out his 

 hard dollars and cents that he got out of the soil, in spraying, 

 if he don't see any scale, or whether he can let it go. If 

 they can let it go, every dollar that he can keep in his pocket 

 means something to him. 



DR. FELT. That is a question that every man has got 

 to pass upon personally. I wouldn't want to say to any 

 man, "It is absolutely necessary for you to go in and spray 

 your orchard for San Jose scale.'' I can take you over into 

 the Hudson Valley and show you trees that have never been 

 sprayed and have been infested by San Jose scale for a de- 

 cade or more, and they are still alive, but not producing 

 fruit that you gentlemen, perhaps, would like to grow. There 

 are so many factors that come in that, in my opinion, one 

 can't lay down any hard and fast rule. I believe in spray- 

 ing and if a man wants to be absolutely safe with a young 

 orchard in a locality where San Jose scale exists, he should 

 spray, because I believe he would get his money back in 

 good, hard dollars, if you please. But if his means are 

 restricted and he knows what San Jose scale is. there is no 

 call to spray it until it is necessary, and if he is inclined to 

 save down to the last dollar and will watch closely, he 

 might get by. I could watch an orchard and not get 

 caught, and I think others could. 



MR. IVES. What nozzle do you like. There is the 

 driving mist spray, you know, not the Bordeaux type, but 

 a modernized type, driving a mist spray, and then there is 

 one that throws a more restricted spray, but a little more 

 area, but not so far ahead. Have you worked out those 

 types? Which do you prefer? 



DR. FELT. I would prefer to have a driving, moder- 

 ately well distributed, fine spray. 



MR. IVES. In a large tree, for instance? 



DR. FELT. Yes. For codling moth spray I like to get 



