Planning the Garden 



duced by deep cultivation to start with and, of 

 course, the subsequent cultivation must efficiently 

 supplement t4iis. A very excellent method of 

 preparing the ground would be to turn a deep 

 furrow with the plough and follow this with the 

 subsoil plough, stirring up the subsoil, but not 

 mixing it with the top soil; this would give sev- 

 eral inches of loose soil beneath the first furrows 

 that the roots could readily penetrate. So many 

 consider that all the fertility in a soil is contained 

 in the few top inches of soil, and in a measure 

 this is true — the available fertility is right there 

 — but there is a wealth of unused fertility in the 

 lower strata, but lack of cultivation, lack of 

 moisture and most of all, lack of the humus which 

 makes the soil retentive of moisture, render it 

 unavailable, but if it is broken up and gradually 

 mixed with the humus of the upper soil it becomes 

 available and the soil is increasing in fertility in- 

 stead of growing thinner and poorer year by 

 year. 



Following the ploughing comes the smoothing 

 and leveling of the ground by dragging with a 



5 



