52 The Fruit and Kitchen Garde7iSj near Paris. 



ces to turn from left to right, a shoot is encouraged on the out- 

 side of the bend, and trained straight to the left, in a direction 

 a little above the horizontal. Where the stem shoot is again 

 turned from right to left, another branch is extended to the 

 right ; and so branches are intended to proceed alternately, 

 on either side, from every outward bend of the stem, till the 

 wall is covered. 



"Trees were trained in the Society's Garden, with 

 wavy stems, according to the systems of Hitt and of Hay- 

 ward; the former having strictly horizontal branches from 

 the bends, with perpendicular bearing shoots ; the latter with 

 gently curved branches, with the bearing shoots inclined. But 

 each tree, in both systems, had two straight naked stems, ele- 

 vated at an angle of 45°, and 4^ feet in length, before they 

 took an upright wavy direction. These naked stems invari- 

 ably became scorched on the sides exposed to the sun, and 

 the upper portions of the bends were also more or less affected 

 in the same way. Professor Du Breuil's mode is unquestion- 

 ably far preferable to either of the above, inasmuch as the 

 tree has only a single stem, from which the wall is furnished 

 from bottom to top, instead of being unfurnished to the height 

 of 4 feet, above which, the naked stems only begin to branch, 

 according to the systems of Hitt and Hayward. In Professor 

 Du BreuiTs tree, there are no long naked stems exposed to 

 the scorching influence of the sun's rays, and even the bends 

 can be protected by foliage. On the whole, this mode is con- 

 sidered highly deserving of trial in Britain." 



Mr. Thompson left Rouen for Paris, on the 2d of March ; 

 the weather was still so cold, the ground could not be worked ; 

 the vineyards were not yet pruned or dressed. He immedi- 

 ately proceeded to the Jardin des Plantcs, where, after seeing 

 the plant-houses, aboretum, &c., he inspected the fruit tree 

 department, under the superintendence of M. L. P. Cappe. 



In our last volume, (XIV. p. 295,) we have already copied 

 Mr. Thompson's remarks on M. Cappe's system of summer 

 pruning, and, referring the reader to that, we proceed to notice 



Mr. Cappe's Mode of Winter-Pruning Pyramidal Pear Trees. 



" The 7Dinter-prunin g of pyramid pear trees is almost 

 reduced to a mechanical operation, when the summer man- 



