432 CERATITES, EAESTELIA. 



a sure lodgement. Some vegetable physiologists 

 have even thought it was transmitted to the next 

 generation by the seed. 



Like the species Botrytis, it dees not work upon 

 the surface, but beneath it ; and the disease is on 

 that account not so easily exterminated as those 

 which result from fungi, and run upon the surface. 

 The only alleviant for the disease is to gather all 

 the leaves after they have fallen, and burn them. 

 At the same time the whole tree should be washed 

 with a mixture of sulphur and lime-water, as recom- 

 mended for mildew on the vine (Oidium Tuckerii). 

 Thus, whatever spores may have been deposited on 

 the buds and wood will be destroyed. 



(2) Ceratites. This fungus attacks the apple, pear, 

 and quince. It more often appears upon the pear, 

 not only upon its leaf, but also on its fruit. This 

 has a single lobe at the orifice of the peridium, 

 from which the spores escape for reproduction 

 (Berkelei/y 



(3) Raestelia. This fungus has a number of 

 lobes, all connected together, so as to form a little 

 cage, through the interstices of Avhich the spores 

 escape. When a pear tree is once affected by this 

 pest, it seldom escapes its influence in future years ; 

 on the contrary, the evil generally increases, spread- 

 ing to every neighboring tree, and thus propagating 

 itself indefinitely. The better plan is to pick the 

 leaves which are infected, as soon as the orange-col- 



