VINE MILDEW. 513 



tlie intercellular spaces, and send up fertile threads 

 from the stomata. The joints of these threads vary 

 in form. Some are cylindrical, others elliptic. 

 The upper joints fall ofi^ and germinate : thus the 

 fungus is jDrojDagated with great rapidity. Some- 

 times the endochrome gives birth to multitudes of 

 minute spondia (or seed-vessels), each of which is 

 capable of germination within the external cell. 

 Thus the original spore looks like a little hedge-hog, 

 as the germinating threads project from its surface 

 in every direction" [Berkeley). 



(3) Boirytis. This is a branched mycelium which 

 wanders among the intercellular spaces near the 

 under side of the leaf It penetrates to the air 

 through the stomata, and sets free the spores which 

 are to reproduce it. This is of the same genus as 

 the potato murrain which caused such ravages in 

 Ireland a few years ago. Not only does it rob the 

 plant of nutriment, but induces decay by its own 

 jDutrefaction. This disease can be reached only with 

 great difficulty, and none of the remedies proposed 

 are of much value (Berkeley^ 



II. Diseases affecting the Fruit and Flower. 

 1. The Rose Buy — Macrodactylus subspinosiis : Fabr. 

 Page 454. 



2. Skankiny. This is the decay of the stem of 

 the bunch, or of the footstalks, caused by disagree- 



