80 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



The Stag beetle, {Liccanus dama), a large and powerful beetle, 

 a very common insect. The eggs are laid in the crevices of old apple 

 trees. The larva takes six years in completing its growth, it is there- 

 fore very injurious. It is easily found by its castings ; cut in and 

 destroy it, wash the bark with alkaline solution. 



{Alaus oculatus), the Eyed Elator, attacking the trunk of old 

 trees. It is the largest of the jumping beetles ; when laid on its 

 back, it will spring up and right itself again. The larva matures in 

 one season. 



Remedy. The same as the former. 



The apple Liopus {Liopiis facetus) . Attacking the branches. A 

 small long-horned beetle. It bores into the decayed branches of 

 the apple tree ; it is easily detected by its castings. 



Remedy. Cut the larva out, wash the wound with slaked lime. 



The apple tree pruner. {Elaphidion villosum.) The habits of 

 this beetle are peculiar. The female laj's an egg in the axil of a 

 leaf on a fresh green twig in the beginning of June. The 3'oung 

 larva bores into the centre of the twig consuming in its course the 

 soft pulp3' matter. AVhen approaching maturity it feeds upon the 

 harder wood, cutting the twig almost through so that a strong wind 

 will sever it from the tree This action it performs with great skill. 

 The fall winds will break the twigs and the larva stays over winter 

 in the fallen limb, till next spring, when the new beetle cuts its way 

 out of the wood. 



Remedy. Gather all the fallen branches, as a rule, every spring 

 and burn them up. 



The apple tree tent- caterpillar (CUsiocampa Americana). A native 

 of the United States. This, as every one knows, is a great pest to 

 the fruit-raiser. The female lays her eggs in the latter part of July 

 around the smaller twigs of fruit trees, apple and cherry, in clusters 

 and rows of twenty and coats them with a gummy covering, they 

 stay in this way the whole winter on the tree and in the early spring 

 when the first leaf breaks forth, the young larvai hatch and commence 

 to spin a web enlarging it as they grow. They come to maturity in 

 six weeks and have then, if not checked, almost stripped young trees 

 of foliage. 



Remedies. The best means of destroying them is to cut the twig 

 with the eggs from the tree in the winter months ; the tree having 

 no leaves, the clusters are easily detected ; be sure that you look at 

 every tree, one cannot be too careful. If there should be some egg 



