DOGS AND BEARS. 191 



Turning now to the bear's skull, we shall find on exa- 

 mination that it is altogether of a stouter and more 

 massive type, while the bladder-like " bulla " which we 

 noticed in the dog, is altogether wanting, and is re- 

 placed by a nearly flat plate, and the bony roof of the 

 palate extends considerably behind the last tooth ; the 

 grinding teeth themselves being arranged in a nearly 

 straight line. In young animals there is the same 

 number of teeth as in the dog; but in the adult the 

 second and third false grinders are frequently shed. 



FIG. 57. The last four left upper teeth of a Wolf. , false grinder ; 6, flesh- 

 tooth ; c, first grinder ; d, second do. 



The hinder teeth, however, differ very widely from 

 those of the dog, the last two in the upper jaw being 

 rhomboidal instead of triangular in shape, and having 

 still flatter crowns, while the last is the larger (instead 

 of the smaller), and is very much elongated. The 

 upper " flesh-tooth " shows this contrast still more 

 markedly, for instead of having its crown both longer 

 and taller than the crowns of the two hinder grinders, 

 it is very much shorter, with a crown not higher, and 

 lacking the sharp cutting-blade found in the corres- 



