with from two to five men in the Bureau of Science is found in 

 the United States to be a bureau with hundreds of employees. 

 The Bureau of Standards, the Bureau of Biological Survey, the 

 Bureau of Plant Industry, the Bureau of Chemistry, the Bureau 

 of Soils, the Bureau of Mines, the Bureau of Entomology, and 

 others correspond exactly in character to the work of parts of 

 the Bureau of Science. The Public Health Service hygienic 

 laboratory in Washington, D. C., does a great deal of work 

 analogous to that carried on in the Bureau of Science. The 

 volume of work in each of these institutions is so large that 

 complete aggregation is impossible. 



The governments of most countries have recognized the serv- 

 ices of scientists with decorations and in the endowment of 

 scientific institutions similar to the Imperial Institute described 

 above. In many countries there are private institutions similar 

 to the Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Smithsonian Institutions in 

 the United States and the Pasteur Institute in France that do 

 some of the work that the Bureau of Science is called upon to 

 do. The Philippine Islands has a greater need of scientific work 

 for its sanitary, economic, and industrial development than those 

 countries that have been carrying on such work for a longer 

 period. There are still many tropical diseases concerning which 

 far too little is known and for which we have yet no remedy. 

 There are many industries carried on in a primitive fashion in 

 the Philippine Islands that could be vastly developed. Sources 

 of wealth are being discovered that previously have remained 

 untouched. There is reason to believe that the resources of the 

 Islands can be developed along many lines. 



The Bureau of Science was established as the Bureau of Gov- 

 ernment Laboratories on July 1, 1901, by Act No. 156 of the 

 Philippine Commission. Entomological investigations began on 

 December 9, 1902. On January 1, 1903, the serum laboratory 

 and the grounds at San Lazaro were transferred to the Bureau 

 from the Board of Health. The section of botany, which had 

 been organized in the Bureau of Agriculture, and the nucleus of 

 the herbarium were added on July 1, 1903. The collector of 

 natural history specimens of the Ethnological Survey was trans- 

 ferred directly to the Bureau on November 16, 1904. On No- 

 vember 1, 1905, the Bureau of Mines became the division of mines 

 of the Bureau of Science ; and on November 1, 1906, the Ethno- 

 logical Survey, formerly the Bureau of Non-Christian Tribes, 

 which before that time had been incorporated with the Bureau 

 of Education, was transferred to the Bureau of Science. The 

 name "Bureau of Science" has been used since 1905. 



