CLASSIFIED NOTES 4C5 



2. Distribution. Although immigrants from the Continent have been frequently reported 

 from the east coast of England, no specimens have as yet been critically examined. The 

 continental race breeds in Europe north to 64} in Norway and 61-62 in Sweden, but only to 

 60 in the Urals. Southward its breeding range extends to the Mediterranean, but in S. Spain 

 and Corsica and Sardinia (as well as in Asia and the Atlantic Isles) it is replaced by allied races. 

 Northern birds are migrants, and probably visit us from Scandinavia. [F. c. B. J.]] 



CITRIL-FINCH \('tir<lin : !i.-< <-i/ri/it : lln (Linn:rus); ('Itriixnmifi'ix citrinella (Linnnms). French, 

 V< ntm-uH nlj, in, xf rin de montagne ; German, Zitrontnzeiaig ; Italian, venturone]. 



1. Description. Distinguished from the siskin by the absence of black on the head. 

 The sexes are alike in size and coloration, excepting that the female is duller. Length about 

 5'1 in. [130 mm.]. General colour of the upper parts dull olive-green, with indistinct shaft- 

 streaks of brownish. The rump and upper tail-coverts are bright greenish yellow ; primaries 

 and secondaries ash-brown, margined on the outer web with yellowish white ; greater coverts 

 blackish brown, tipped with olive-yellow, forming a wing-bar ; occiput, hind-neck, and sides of 

 the neck ash-gr^y; under surface of the body bright greenish yellow; lower abdomen whitish; 

 iris yellowish brown ; bill and legs brown. The young bird has the feathers of the upper parts 

 very linnet-like, i.e. brown, heavily streaked with blackish, lightest on the rump ; under surface 

 of the body yellowish white, streaked on the throat, chest, and flanks with dusky, 

 [w. i>. 1-. and T. w.] 



2. Distribution. Breeds in the chief mountain ranges of Central and South-western 

 Europe west to the Sierra Nevada in Spain, and from thence in the Pyrenees and Vosges Moun- 

 tains, the Alpine district, the Apennines (?), the Schwarzwald and the Austrian Alps. In Corsica, 

 Sardinia, and possibly also in Italy it is replaced by a local race. Partially migratory in the 

 autumn and winter months, descending from the mountains and wandering through the low- 

 lying parts of the Continent. One occurrence in England (Norfolk, Jan. 29, 1904). [F. c. R. J.] 



SERIN [Srr in its candr-ius (Linnaius); Serinus hortuldnus Koch. French, Cini, serin; 

 German, Girlitz; Italian, verzellitxi]. 



1. Description. Distinguished from the citril-finch by its blunter bill and by having the 

 mantle and flanks streaked with black. The male is brighter than the female. Length 

 4A in. [114 mm.]. General colour above greyish yellow, broadly streaked down the middle of 

 each feather with brownish black ; forehead, eyebrow, and rump uniform bright yellow ; the wings 

 and tail are greyish brown, fringed on their outer webs with yellow ; the cheeks and ear-coverts 

 grey ; throat, chest, and breast uniform bright yellow, streaked on the sides of the latter with 

 black; abdomen and under tail-coverts creamy white. The young bird is reddish brown 

 above, all the feathers heavily streaked with brownish black; under surface of body pale 

 sulphur-yellow, with black streaks on the chest and flanks, [w. p. p. and T. w.] 



2. Distribution. The continental race of this finch, Serinus canarius serinus (L.), as 

 opposed to the true canary, S. canarius canarius (L.), which is confined to the Atlantic Isles, 1 

 is found resident in North-west Africa (Marocco to Tunisia) and the European countries which 

 border on the Mediterranean, from Portugal to Greece, and also in Asia Minor and Palestine. 

 Northward its breeding range extends to South-west Germany, and recently it has spread over 

 the greater part of the country, but is only a summer visitor, migrating in winter to North 

 Africa. It occurs in Holland and may possibly breed there, and has been recorded from 

 Denmark. About twenty records from England, half of which are from Sussex, two from 

 Ireland, and one from Scotland. [F. c. K. J.] 



1 Canaries, S. canariui canarius (L.), which have been obtained in the British Isles are undoubtedly escaped from 

 captivity, as in its natural state this species is non-migratory, and is kept in great numbers as a cage-bird. 



