CLASSIFIED NOTES 495 



chiefly from the southern counties of England, once from Wales, and once from Scotland (Fair 

 Island). [F. c. R. j.] 



THE TITS 1 



[ORDER: Passer if omnea. FAMILY: Par Idee] 



NORTHERN LONGTAILED-TIT \<K<i'<llndus cauddtus cauddtus (Linmeus). Whiteheaded, 

 longtailed-tit. German, wtittibSfjigt Kchn-n n:meise\ Italian, codona capo bianco], 



1. Description. Distinguished from the British longtailed-tit by its longer tail and by 

 Laving the under parts less brightly coloured. Sexes alike. Length 6 in. [152 mm.]. Whole 

 of the head snow-white, with hidden black bases to the feathers ; mantle black, bordered with 

 pinkish red ; feathers of the lower back and rump very long and dense, rose-pink in colour, 

 with black bases ; the tail, which is longer than the body, is black, the two outer pairs having the 

 outer web and part of the inner web at the tip white ; under surface of the body white, slightly 

 tinged with rose-pink, becoming darker on the sides of the body and under tail-coverts ; wings 

 black, margined with white on the inner web ; secondaries black, widely margined on the inner 

 and more narrowly on the outer web with white ; inner secondaries white, with a black shaft; 

 under wing coverts white, [w. p. p. and T. w.] 



2. Distribution. This race is confined during the breeding season to Northern and 

 Eastern Europe, including Scandinavia, Russia (except in the Caucasus and Crimea), and 

 Eastern Germany. In Asia its range extends across the Continent to North Japan (Yezo) and 

 the Kuriles. Other local forms are found in West Europe, the Mediterranean, the Balkan 

 Peninsula, South Russia, and in Asia. In winter birds from the high north move southward, 

 and others in districts farther south become vagrants and stray to Central and Western Europe 

 (West Germany, Belgium, France), and once or twice in England (Northumberland, 1852, and 

 perhaps Kent). [F. c. R. j.] 



CONTINENTAL COAL-TIT [Parus dter dter Linnaeus. French, melange noire; German, 

 Tannenmeise ; Italian, cincia mora]. 



1. Description. Distinguished from the British subspecies, Parus ater britannicus, by its 

 pure bluish grey back, by the greater amount of white on the cheeks, and by the paler colora- 

 tion of the flanks and sides of the body, these parts being light buff instead of russet coloured. 

 The size is similar to that of the latter, and the sexes are alike, [w. p. p. and T. w.] 



2. Distribution. This race is distributed in the breeding season over the greater part of 

 the European continent north to about 65, but is replaced by allied forms in the Caucasus and 

 Crimea and in the Mediterranean islands, as well as in North-west Africa. In Southern Europe, 

 especially in the Iberian and Italian Peninsulas and in Sicily, it is confined to the mountain 

 ranges. In Asia its breeding range extends across Siberia to Kamtschatka, but in the Tian 

 Shan, Himalayas, China, and Japan it is replaced by allied races. In Southern Europe it is 

 resident, but northern birds move southward during the winter, and two specimens have been 

 definitely recorded from England, both from Norfolk, 1866. [F. c. R. J.] 



NORTHERN WILLOW-TIT [Pdrus atricapHLus boredlis Selys. German, nordische matt- 

 kopfirje Sumpfmeise], 



1. Description. Differs from the marsh-titmouse in having the head deep black almost 

 devoid of gloss, and the black of the head prolonged on to the mantle ; the upper parts, moreover, 

 are lighter in colour ; the under parts are likewise lighter in tint, and the tail is more rounded, 

 the outermost pair of feathers being appreciably shorter than the second pair. Sexes similar 

 both in size and coloration. Length 44 inches [111 mm.], [w. p. p. and T. w.] 



1 VoL ii. p. 171. 



