CLASSIFIED NOTES 506 



under surface similar to the upper surface, but with the white markings preponderating. 

 [w. p. P. and T. w.] 



2. Distribution. This species breeds in the forests of Northern and Middle Europe, from 

 lat. ti<s in Scandinavia and lat. 59 in North Russia south to the Pyrenees, the Alpine chain, 

 the mountains of Montenegro and Bulgaria, but in the southern part of its range it is only 

 found in mountain systems. In Asia it breeds from Russia eastward to the Yenisei. It is 

 replaced by allied races in the Caucasus, North-east Siberia, and North America. Northern 

 birds are subject to migratory movements, and about twenty-four occurrences have been recorded 

 from Great Britain (twelve of which are from Yorks). [K. c. R. J.] 



EUROPEAN HAWK-OWL [Si'irnin "In/a nli<l<i (Linnaeus); Surnia fune'rea (Linmeus) 

 German, 



1. Description. Recognised by its long pointed tail. Sexes alike. Length 14J in. [36ft 

 nun.]. Head slate-black, barred and spotted with white ; back, wings, and tail dark brown, with 

 broad bars on white ; scapulars largely white ; sides of the face white, a large longitudinal bar 

 of black behind the ear-coverts ; middle of throat blackish brown, sides of throat white ; remainder 

 of the under surface, including the under wing-coverts and axillaries, white, regularly barred with 

 black, [w. i'. p. and T. \v.] 



2. Distribution. Confined in Europe during the breeding season to Northern Scandinavia, 

 south to Wermland in Sweden, Finland, and North Russia from about 67 66' in the Urals south 

 to Livonia (rare), and the Smolensk, Kazan, and Perm governments. In Asia it apparently 

 breeds in Siberia east to Tobolsk, but is replaced in other parts of Asia as well as in North 

 America by allied forms. Three occurrences at least of this race in Great Britain (one 

 Wilts and two Scotland) are definitely assigned to this race, which is partially migratory 

 and vagrant after the breeding season. [F. c. R. J.] 



AMERICAN HAWK-OWL [SArnia ulida caparoch (Muller)]. 



1. Description. Resembles the European form, but is darker and more strongly barred 

 with black, [w. p. p. and T. w.] 



2. Distribution. This race breeds in the northern parts of North America, from Alaska 

 and Hudson's Strait south to southern British Columbia, Alberta, Montana, and Ungava. It is 

 said to have occurred four times in Great Britain (one Cornwall, one Somerset, and two Clyde 

 area), but these may be due to importation. In North America it migrates in winter south to 

 Washington, Nebraska, Indiana, Ohio, New York, Massachusetts, and Maine. [F. c. R. j.] 



SCOPS-OWL [(Wf scops (Linnaeus); Sc6ps giu (Scopoli). French, petit due; German, Zwer- 

 gohreule; Italian, assiolo]. 



1. Description. Recognised by its small size. The sexes are alike, excepting that the 

 female is larger than the male. Adult male, length 7J in. [191 mm.]. General colour above 

 grey washed with buff, marked with white especially on the head, and with black shaft-streaks ; 

 wings ash-brown, with large truncate spots of white on the outer web, and toothed on the inner 

 web with white ; tail grey, freckled with black and barred with whitish buff; under surface of 

 the body similar to the upper parts but lighter, and with the black shafts to the feathers more 

 pronounced, [w. p. p. and T. w.] 



2. Distribution. This species breeds in the Mediterranean region from Lanzarote in the 

 Canaries to North-west Africa (Marocco to Tunisia and N. Sahara), and Southern Europe (north 

 to S. France, the Alpine range, South Germany in small numbers, Austro-Hungary, and South 

 Russia). It also breeds in the Mediterranean islands and Asia Minor, but in Cyprus and in 

 Asia and parts of Africa it is replaced by allied races, which are as yet imperfectly known. It 



