AS MEANS OF IDENTIFICATION 561 



1'ii'lotheca the scaly covering of the tarso-metatarsus. 



Primaries* the outermost remiges of the wing, those attached to the manus, which see. 



/,''/ rices* the tail feathers. 



/,' //"./, pi. ri'iniye* flight feather. 



Remicle the vestigial condition of the outermost primary. 



Rkamphotheca the horny beak-sheath. 



Rioted bristle** the stiff vaneless feather-shafts which guard the gape in nightjars, etc. 



*::;> iidaries* the remiges of the second series of flight-feathers ; those attached to the fore-arm 



' bristles. 



Tomium* the cutting edge of the beak. 

 Zygodactyl?, toes two forward, two backward. 



( O j SKULL. IL IvmtXAI - I'HAKACTERS. 



palate the Passerine type, wherein the vomer is broad, truncated, and 



notched in front, and the maxillo-palatines are more or less rod-shaped, with 



spatulate free ends. (Fig. 3.) 

 lia.iii>(>'ri/!/iii'/ process the bony tubercles at the base of the skull, forming supports 



for the pterygoids. (Fig. 5.) 

 RiMai more or less globular, bony chambers. 

 Carotids carotid arteries. 

 Detmogncethoua pitlatc wherein the maxillo-palatines meet one another in the middle 



line, e.g. Ducks, and form a bridge. Vomer may or may not be present. (Fig 5.) 

 Fenestrated pierced, displaying a more or less conspicuous space or " window." (Fig. 9.) 

 Holorhinal nares wherein the nasal fossa has a rounded hinder end, not extending 



beyond the level of the nasal branch of the pre-maxilla. (Fig. 1.) 

 Inter-orbital septum the partition between the eyes. 

 Maxillo-palatine process the bony spur, or plate, which turns inward from the maxilla 



to form the roof of the mouth. (Fig. 3.) 



Occipital fontanelles spaces in the bony wall of the back of the skull. 

 Palatine the bony rod which runs along the roof of the mouth from the pterygoid to 



a point near the middle of the upper jaw. (Fig. 4.) 

 Patella the kiiee-cap. 

 Post-aural behind the aperture of the ear. 

 Post-orbital process the bony spur which descends from the roof of the skull to partly 



encircle the eyeball. (Fig. 2.) 

 Pre-aural before the aperture of the ear. 



Pterygoid the bony rod interposed between the palatine and quadrate. (Fig. 4.) 

 Quadrate the quadrangular bone which serves to suspend the lower jaw from the skull. 



(Fig. 4.) 

 Saurognathous palate the arrangement of the palatal bones peculiar to the Wood- 



peckers, wherein the vomer is greatly reduced and lies wedged in between the 



palatines, which are fenestrated ; and the pterygoid is Y-shaped. 

 Schizognathous the form of the palate where the maxillo-palatines are widely 



sundered. The vomer may or may not be present. (Fig. 4.) 

 Schizorhinal where the nasal fossa terminates behind in a slit, which extends back- 



wards beyond the level of the nasal branch of the pre-maxilla. (Fig 2.) 

 Supra-orbital groove the deep trough above the eye in the skulls of Auks, Gulls, Divers, 



etc. (Fig. 2.) 

 Symphysis the point of fusion between two opposing surfaces. 



* Illustrated on p. xiv, voL L ' See List on p. xv. 



