Fig. 3. /EOITHOGNATHOIJS PALATE (RAVEN). 



The skull of a Raven (under side) to show the arrangement 

 I the boni'j of thi> imlate known as " n*githognathoun " 

 Benin the vomer is truncated anteriorly, and the mnxill;.- 

 I>a1atme processes outgrowths of the maxilla or upper j.nv 

 bone which Dears the grinding or cheek teeth in mammals- 

 are strap-shaped. 



Fig. 4. SCHIZOGNATHOUS PALATE 

 L. marinus). 



The skull of a Gull to show a " schizognathous " 

 lil:iti-. The vomer is large, pointed in front ; the 

 maxillo-palatine processes are scroll-shaped. 



Fig. 5. DESMOGNATUOCS PALATE 



(DUCK). 



Skull of a Duck to show a " desmognathotu " 

 palate. Here the niaxillo-palatine procossfH 

 meet one another in the middle line forming a 

 bridge. The vomer is blade-shaped. Note the 

 basi-pterygoid processes, which here are sessile. 

 In some cases these processes form short columns. 



Fig. 6. STKRNUM OR BRKAST BONE OF A PHEASANT, SHOWING THE POINTS USED 



IN CLASSIFICATION. 



The oblique and posterior lateral processes are borne on a separate base formed by the deep clei 

 along the body of the sternum. This type occurs only in the Gallinaceous birds. Note the "spin 

 communis " formed by the fusion of the free ends of the spina interna and externa. 



ift 

 spina 



. 8. BREAST BONE. 



Sternum of a Norfolk-Plover 

 to show the double-notched con- 

 dition of the hinder border. 



Oblique process 



Posterior 

 ,' lateral 

 process. 



tnferna. 



Sovrtct- / 

 i&x/erria. 



Fig. 7. BREAST BONE. 



sternum of a Pigeon. Compare the oblique and posterior lateral 

 IITOCMMS with those of the Pheasant. The spina interna and externa 

 are distinct. 



Fig. 9. BREAST BONE. 



Hternum of a Peregrine-Falcon 

 to show the " fenestrated " condi- 

 tion of the hinder border, holes or 

 "windows" taking the place of 

 notches. 



563 



