BRITISH GENERAL MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS 587 



without exception in the migratory habit. Song-thrushes ringed in Britain have been recovered 

 as more or less sedentary residents, whilst others have travelled to France or Portugal. 



In the following list of the resident species, those which are also represented in our area by 

 individuals coming as summer visitors are marked S. ; those which are also winter visitors, W. ; 

 and birds of passage, P. 1 



Raven. W. 

 Carrion-crow. W. 

 Hooded-crow. W. 

 Rook. W. 

 luc.kdaw. W. 

 Magpie. 

 Jay. W. 2 

 Chough. 



Greenfinch. S. W. 

 Hawfinch. S. 

 Chaffinch. S. W. P. 

 Goldfinch. S. W. P. 

 Siskin. \V. 3 

 Lesser-redpoll. W. 

 Twite. W. 

 Linnet. S. W. P. 

 House-sparrow. 4 

 Tree-sparrow. W. P. 

 Crossbill. 5 2 

 Bullfinch. W. P. 2 

 Corn-bunting. S. P. 

 Yellow- bunting. W. 

 Cirl-bunting. 

 Reed- bunting. S.W.P. 

 Snow-bunting. W. 6 

 Skylark. S. W. P. 2 

 Woodlark. S. P. 

 Pied-wagtail. S. W. P. 

 Grey-wagtail. W. P. 

 Meadow-pipit. S.W.P. 

 Rock-pipit. W. P. 2 



Creeper. 2 

 Wren. W. P. 



Dipper. 2 



Mistle-thrush. S.W.P. 7 



Song-thrush. S.W.P. 2 



Blackbird. W. P. 



Stonechat. P. 2 



Redbreast. W. P. 2 



Dartford-warbler. 



Goldcrest. W. P. 2 



Hedge-sparrow. W. P. 2 



Starling. S. W. P. 



Longtailed-tit. 2 



Great-tit. W. 2 



Coal-tit. W.* 



Marsh-tit. 



Willow-tit. 2 



Blue-tit. W. P. 2 



Crested-tit. 2 



Nuthatch. 



Bearded-tit. 



Green- woodpecker. 



Great spotted- wood- 

 pecker. W. 2 



Lesser spotted-wood- 

 pecker. 



Barn-owl. W. 



Tawny- owl. 



Longeared-owl. W. 



Shorteared-owl. W. 



Little-owl. 8 



Kingfisher. W. 

 Wood-pigeon. W. 

 Stock-dove. W. 

 Rock-dove. 

 Razorbill* 

 Guillemot. 

 Black-guillemot. 

 Blackheaded-gull. S. 



W. P. 



Common-gull. W. P. 

 Herring-gull. P. 2 

 Lesser blackbacked- 



gull. S. P. 

 Great blackbacked- 



gull. P. 



Kittiwake. W. P. 

 Great-skua. W. 

 Richardson's skua. W. 



P. 



Woodcock. S.W.P. 

 Common-snipe. W. 

 Ringed-plover. W. P. 

 Golden-plover. W. P. 

 Lapwing. S. W. P. 

 Oystercatcher. W. P. 

 Dunlin. S. W. P. 

 Ruff. S. W. P. 10 

 Redshank. S.W.P. 

 Greenshank. S. W. P. 10 

 Curlew. W. P. 

 Water-rail. W. P. 



Moorhen. S. P. 

 Coot. 11 

 Capercaillie. 

 Black-grouse. 

 Red-grouse. 

 Ptarmigan. 

 Pheasant. 

 Partridge. 



Redlegged-partridge. 

 Golden-eagle. 

 Whitetailed-eagle. P. 

 Marsh-harrier. P. 

 Hen-harrier. P. 

 Sparrow-hawk. 

 Buzzard. W. P. 

 Kite. P. 

 Osprey. P. 

 Peregrine. S. P. 2 

 Merlin. W. P. 

 Kestrel. P. 

 Greylag-goose. Wi P. 

 Mute-swan. 12 

 Shelduck. W. 

 Mallard. W. P. 

 Gadwall. W. P. 

 Shoveler. W. P. 

 Pintail. W. P. 

 Teal. W. P. 2 

 Wigeon. W. P. 

 Pochard. W. P. 

 Tufted-duck. W. P. 



1 Considerable difference of opinion, due to insufficient knowledge of migration of many species, makes these signs 

 somewhat arbitrary. For instance, the woodlark is marked as also a bird of passage, though the evidence in support of 

 this assertion is at present slender ; the more closely allied subspecies are not treated separately, thus the song-thrush 

 is considered as a resident, and the continental song- thrush is not placed as a distinct species in the list of winter 

 visitors ; the migratory form of the barn-owl is treated as a winter visitor though its occurrence is irregular. 



I Migratory races of these birds are subspecifically distinct from the forms which breed in Britain. 

 3 Best known as a winter visitor. 4 Migratory movements suspected. 



6 An irregular migrant in large numbers. 6 Winter visitor, with a small Scottish breeding area. 



7 In species which are resident and winter visitors are usually also summer visitors ; southerly breeding pairs 

 emigrating for the winter. 



8 Immigration suspected. 



6 The pelagic movements of auks, gulls, and many ducks not really understood ; their travelling may be more 

 regular than is suspected, and take them to regions beyond our area, although individuals are present at all seasons. 

 10 Few pairs nest ; much better known as passage birds. 



II Probably some leave our area. '" Immigration from Western Europe suspected. 



