CAPERCAILLIE. 347 



they assume, to a certain extent, the colours of the male ; 

 and M. Nilsson having figured in his illustrations before 

 mentioned, a female of the Wood Grouse in the plumage 

 of the male, which he calls truly a barren female, I have 

 inserted a figure of that bird on the next page. 



The Capercaillie appears to have an extensive geogra- 

 phical range. North of the British Islands, M. Necker 

 says it is found in Jutland. Mr. Lloyd says it is found 

 generally over Scandinavia as far north as the pine forests 

 extend, which is almost as far as North Cape ; but is be- 

 coming rare in the southern parts. It is found in Russia 

 and Siberia ; in Livonia, in Poland, and Germany. M. 

 Temminck says it is found in Hungary, that it is rare in 

 France, and is never seen in Holland. M. Vieillot, a Con- 

 tinental authority, states that it is met with on the Alps, 

 the Pyrenees, in Auvergne, in Dauphiny, in the forests 

 on the mountains of Ardennes, in Upper Alsace, in Lor- 

 raine, in Italy, in Greece, and in Tartary. M. Temminck 

 also says that it has been known as far south as some of 

 the islands of the Grecian Archipelago. 



The adult male has the beak of a whitish horn colour ; 

 the irides hazel ; over the eye a semilunar patch of naked 

 skin which is bright scarlet; plumage of the head, the 

 neck in front and behind, the back, rump, and upper tail- 

 coverts, minutely freckled with greyish white on a brownish 

 black ground ; the feathers of the crown of the head and 

 on the throat rather elongated; wing-coverts and wings 

 freckled with light brown on a darker brown ground ; the 

 depth of the tint depending on the greater age of the bird ; 

 quill-feathers dark chestnut brown ; tail-feathers nearly 

 black, with a few greyish white spots ; some of the longer 

 and lateral upper tail-coverts tipped with white ; the chest 

 of a fine shining dark green ; breast black, with a few 

 white spots ; flanks and under tail-coverts greyish black, 



