TURNSTONE. 523 



October on the shores of the Delaware, but proceeds far- 

 ther south when the cold weather sets in." 



The Turnstone is well known to the ornithologists of the 

 United States ; and interesting accounts of its habits will 

 be found in the works of Wilson and Audubon : the 

 latter says, " My worthy friend, Dr. Bachman, once had a 

 bird of this species alive. It had recovered from a slight 

 wound in the wing, when he presented it to a lady, who 

 fed it on boiled rice, and bread soaked in milk, of both of 

 which it was very fond. It continued in a state of captivity 

 upwards of a year, but was at last killed by accident. It 

 had become perfectly gentle, would eat from the hand of its 

 kind mistress, frequently bathed in a basin placed near it 

 for the purpose, and never attempted to escape, although 

 left quite at liberty to do so." So far south does the 

 geographical range of this species extend in the New 

 World, that Mr. Charles Darwin obtained specimens 

 during the survey with the ( Beagle ' in the Straits of Magel- 

 lan. On the continent of Europe this bird is found from 

 Russia southward to Italy, and is observed at Sicily and 

 Malta in spring and autumn on its way from, and to, 

 Africa. It has been noticed as occurring at Madeira, in the 

 vicinity of Senegal ; and Dr. Andrew Smith, as well as 

 others, have obtained specimens at the Cape of Good Hope. 

 M. Temminck includes the Turnstone among the Birds of 

 Japan, and mentions having received specimens also from 

 Sunda, the Molucca Isles, and from New Guinea. The 

 Linnean Society possess specimens from New Holland. 



The adult bird in summer has the beak black ; the irides 

 dark brown ; the forehead black, reaching to the eye on 

 each side ; below the eye a black patch, which, curving 

 forward and upward, goes to the base of the lower mandi- 

 ble, encircling a white spot at the base of the upper mandi- 

 ble ; top of the head, the occiput, and back of the neck, 



