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coast, such as Flamborough Head, the lofty cliffs of 

 Scarborough, some of the Farn Islands, St. Abb's Head, 

 the Bass Rock, and some parts of the coast of 

 Aberdeen, as well as Orkney and Shetland ; but from these 

 districts the birds move southwards by the end of summer 

 or the beginning of auftimn. Professor Nilsson says it 

 breeds on many parts of the rocky coast of Scandinavia. 

 Faber includes it among the birds of Iceland ; and Mr. 

 Proctor observed that it was plentiful. It is known to 

 visit the Faroe Islands, Nova Zembla, Spitzbergen, and 

 Greenland. Sir James C. Ross says, " It inhabits all 

 parts of the Arctic Regions, and has been met with in the 

 highest latitudes yet attained by man. It is extremely 

 numerous during the summer season along the west coast 

 of Prince Regent's Inlet ; where, in several places that are 

 peculiarly well fitted for breeding-stations, they congregate 

 in inconceivable numbers. We killed enough to supply 

 our party with several excellent meals, and found them 

 delicious food, perfectly free from any unpleasant flavour." 

 Sir John Richardson found this bird common in various 

 parts of North America, and Mr. Audubon says it is 

 plentiful on the shores of the United States. 



This species is found at Genoa in winter. Dr. Heine- 

 ken included it in his catalogue of the Birds of Madeira ; 

 the Zoological Society have received specimens from Tri- 

 poli ; M. Savi includes it in his Ornithology of Italy, and 

 the Russian naturalists found it in the vicinity of the 

 Caspian Sea. 



The adult bird in summer at the breeding-station has 

 the bill greenish-yellow, the mouth inside orange; the 

 irides dusky brown ; the head and the neck, all round, 

 pure white ; back and wings French grey, the secondaries 

 and tertials tipped or edged with white ; the outer margin 

 of the first primary quill -feather black, the next three 



