180 LANIADJJ. 



of tooth and depression near the point of the upper man- 

 dible observed in the Red-backed Shrike ; above the base 

 of the upper mandible is a narrow streak of white ; the 

 forehead, round the eyes, the ear-coverts, and a small patch 

 depending therefrom, black ; irides hazel ; crown of the 

 head and nape of the neck, rich chestnut red ; the back 

 black ; the scapulars white ; the rump grey ; upper tail- 

 coverts white : the wings and wing-coverts black ; the 

 primaries white at the base, forming a spot when the 

 wing is closed ; the secondaries white at the end : the 

 central tail-feathers black ; the outer feather on each side 

 wholly white ; the next on each side with the proximal 

 half white ; the distal half black, with a white tip ; the 

 next on each side with a white tip only. The chin, throat, 

 breast, belly, and under tail-coveits, white ; legs, toes, and 

 claws, black. 



The whole length of the male here described was seven 

 inches and a half. The length from the carpal joint to the 

 end of the wing-feathers, four inches : the first wing- 

 feather less than half the length of the second ; the third, 

 fourth, and fifth, longer than the second ; the third the 

 longest of the whole. 



The female has the head and neck dull red ; the scapu- 

 lars dirty white ; the black colour of the back mixed with 

 brown ; the wing-coverts edged with red ; the breast dirty 

 white; the feathers of the flanks reddish tipped with 

 brown. 



The young bird of the year is reddish brown above, 

 with brown transverse lines ; wings and tails brownish 

 black ; underneath dirty white, with greyish transverse 

 lines. 



The young male in the British collection of Birds in 

 the British Museum, which has been already referred to 

 as having been killed in Kent, and a specimen of a young 



