ROCK PIPIT. 459 



The Rock Pipit, besides the localities already quoted, 

 is probably to be found on all the shores of the United 

 Kingdom. Mr. Dunn says, it is abundant in all parts of 

 Shetland and Orkney. Professor Nilsson says it is mi- 

 gratory in Sweden, only visiting that country in summer : 

 Mr. Hewitson saw it in Norway, and M. Temminck says 

 that it goes as far north as Greenland. Sir John Richard- 

 son and Mr. Swainson quote Antlms aquatlcus as an in- 

 habitant of North America ; but after a close examination 

 of specimens from that country agreeing exactly with Mr. 

 Swainson's excellent figure, I cannot but consider that bird 

 as distinct from our own. 



On the European continent, the Rock Pipit is abundant 

 over the maritime shores of Holland, and occasionally on 

 the borders of the Rhine. M. Vieillot says, it is seen as a 

 migratory bird on the banks of rivers in France ; and it 

 is included in ornithological works referring to Provence, 

 Switzerland, and Italy, as an occasional visitor in summer ; 

 it is also found at Malta. M. Temminck says, that speci- 

 mens of this bird from Japan only differ from European 

 examples in the plumage being a little darker in colour, 

 and the spots on the under surface of the body being a 

 little larger. 



The beak is dark brown on the upper part of the upper 

 mandible, and on the point of both mandibles, the base and 

 edges of both pale yellow brown ; irides dark brown ; over 

 the eyes and ear-coverts a light-coloured streak, not always 

 conspicuous ; the top of the head, ear-coverts, nape of the 

 neck, back, wings, and upper tail-coverts, nearly uniform 

 olive brown, the centre of the feathers on the back only 

 being rather darker than their edges ; quill -feathers dark 

 brown ; the outer tail-feather on each side pale brownish 

 white, lightest in colour at the end ; the next feather on 

 each side dark brown, with a light-coloured tip only ; the 



