258 



139. Eucalyptus macrorhyncha. 



(F.v.M., in B.F1., iii, 207.) 

 Red Stringybark. 



Systematic— A tall tree, bark compact, coarse, string}*, blackish on the 

 outer surface. Abnormal leaves ovate to lanceolate, falcate, shortly acuminate, 

 about 6 inches long and 2 inches broad ; venation well marked, lateral veins 

 few, spreading, intramarginal vein removed from the edge. Normal leaves 

 oblique, lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate, generally under 6 inches long, slightly 

 shining; venation distinct, lateral veins oblique, few, spreading, in the broader 

 leaves the intramarginal vein is well removed from the edge. Peduncles axillary, 

 up to 1 inch long, flattened, bearing about half-a-dozen flowers. Calyx tube 

 angular, often 6 lines long, including the pedicel ; operculum of two forms : 

 (a) conical, with a sharp constriction above the calyx rim, 3 lines long ; (b) 

 hemispherical, shortly acuminate, about 2 lines long. 



Fruit.— Shortly pedicellate, hemispherical, to pear- 

 shaped, slightly ribbed ; rim strongly domed ; 

 valves sharp-pointed and well exserted ; up 

 to 6 lines in diameter. 



The fruit of E. macrorhyncha is so characteristic that 

 the species is very rarely, if ever, confounded with any 

 other Eucalyptus, and it can easily be identified from 

 the accompanying plate. The large fruited form figured 

 in the 1st Edition has since been raised to specific 

 rank under the name of E. Cannoni. 



Habitat. — Rylstone district, Bungendore to Victorian boundary, 

 Barber's Creek, New South Wales; and all the Eastern 

 States. 



REMARKS. — Our researches show that this spe< les is superior to most of its congeners in the number of 

 its economics. In addition to its timber and bark it yields (i) eudesmol, \i) an oil occasionally containing 50 

 per cent, of cineol. and (3) the khaki yellow dye, myrticolorin. It is called " Red Stringybark " in allusion 

 to the colour of its timber, as compared to that of other " Stringybarks." such as E. eugenioides, Sieb.. E. capiiellata 

 Sm., and E. Icevopinea, R.T.B. 



ESSENTIAL OIL. — Leaves and terminal branchlets for distillation were 

 obtained from the Rylstone District, N.S.YV., at various times during March, 1898, 

 from which nine separate distillations were made. The oils of all these samples 

 were in agreement, and the yields averaged 0-29 per cent. The crude oil was 

 reddish-brown in colour, and had an odour resembling those belonging to the 

 cineol-phellandrene group. A small quantity of pinene occurs in the oil of this 

 species, and phellandrene was present also, occurring in greatest amount during 

 the early spring months. Cineol was present in some quantity at certain 

 times of the year. Eudesmol was often a pronounced constituent, and it was 

 from the oil of this species that this stearoptene was first obtained in sufficient 

 amount for investigation. The sesquiterpene was pronounced in the higher- 

 boiling portion. 



