lli<- above results were such thai it was thoi I carry the 



experiments further. A tank was speciallj prepared foi us l>\ the Company, 

 and the oil distilling during the several hours kepi separat< , ["he oil was distilled 

 in April. r.899 ' '"' weighl ol leaves taken, collected as foi 1 immen tal oil distil- 

 lation, was 320 lbs. rhe weighl oi the whole oil obtained wa 11 J lbs., equal to 

 3-5 per cent. Of this 8 lbs. came over during the firs1 hour = 71 per cent.; 

 z lbs. during the second hour = [8 per cent. ; 1 1 ozs. during the third In Mir = 7 

 per cent., and 7 ozs. during the fourth houi = 1 pei cent. 



The greater portion of the cineol came ovei during the first hour, the oil 

 1 ollected during thai period containing more than 30 per cent, of thai constil uent. 

 rhe second hour oil contained considerably less cineol, and had a secondary 

 odour suggesting citral. Onl} a very small quantity oi cineol was found in th< 

 third hour oil, and it could hardly be detected in the fourth-hour oil. 



In June, 1899, a second investigation was undertaken, 400 lbs. oi leaves 

 and terminal branchlets being distilled, from which 14 lbs. oi oil were obtained, 

 equal to 3*5 per cent. Of this 9 lbs. came over during the firsi hour = 64 pei 

 cent.; .;.l lbs. during the second hour = 25 per cent.; 1 lb. during the third 

 hour = 7 pei cent., and 8 ozs. dining the fourth hour = 4 per cent. 



The gri iter portion of the « ineol in the oil came over (luring tin first hour ; 

 a considerably less amount during the second hour; a verj small quantity 

 during the third hour, and only a trace could be delected in the fourth hour oil. 



Other determinations were made in June and July of the same year, but 

 as the results were <]iiite concordant, it is unnecessary to tabulate the figures. 



The above investigations resulted eventually in the oil of E. Australiana 

 being distilled commercially in this way, and the "first-hour oil" from that 

 species was placed on the market as such, and sold as a first-class pharmaceutical 

 Eucalyptus oil, the product which came over later being utilised for other purposes. 

 (See under that species in this work.) 



It was thus shown that by collecting apart the product distilling during 

 the first hour, the greater portion of the cineol in the oil was obtained in this way. 

 It was possible to still further enrich it by fractionation, collecting apart the 

 portion distilling below 175 C. (uncorr.), discarding the fraction containing the 

 volatile aldchxdes. The product obtained in this way from the mixed first and 

 second hour oils gave the following results: — Specific gravity = 0-896; optical - 

 rotation a D - - 10-4°; cineol = 43 per cent. (O.M.). 



The oil a.s thus obtained was water-white, of a pleasant aromatic odour, 

 and although containing phellandrene, yet that constituent was not present 

 in excessive amount. It is thus seen that the oil from this Eucalypt is distinctly 

 different from that obtainable from either E. dives or E. radiata, which species 

 supplied much of the oil sent to Europe at one time under the name of E. 

 amygdalina. 



We visited one of the districts of this State, where Eucalyptus oil was, at 

 that time (1X99) distilled, and saw evidences that the material being worked 

 in that locality was obtained principally from E. dives, some from E. radiata, as 

 well as from the present species. Large quantities of the "suckers " of E. dives 

 were growing up in all directions, and were springing from the stumps of the trees 

 that had been originally cut down for Eucalyptus oil distillation. Much oi this 

 oil wa.s forwarded to Europe a.s the product of E. amygdalina. At that time E. 

 dives, E. radiata, and others that are now recognised as distinct species, were all 

 classified 1>\ some botanists as varieties of the one species (is. amygdalina), 

 and ii appeared difficull to di criminate between them by the then recognised 

 methods of classification. The chemical investigation of their several products 

 had nol at that time been separate!) carried out, so that this aid towards correct 



