447 



injurious this ma} b< is seen from the results we have recorded undei E. cinerea. 



I he outlel for the steam is nov* made in a simple manner bj inserting a 2 



or 3 inch iron pipe through the side oi the tank just below the top. No 



difficult} is experienced, and practicallj .'II the oil is obtained 1 1 the leaves 



in this wa} 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



The following series oi plates will serve to illustrate the various forms ol 

 Eucalyptus oil stills in operation in Australia ; from the single tank, where direi 1 

 firing is employed, to the large] installations worked with boiler and separate 

 digesters. In manj "I the more modern and largeT plants the digesters are 

 sunk in the ground, and are constructed either oi wood or "I iron. This method 

 allows oi easy loading and unloading, and works quite satisfactorily. 



We are indebted to the proprietors of these distilleries for much 

 information concerning their construction. 



I'i \ it: No. co6. Single lank Eucalyptus oil still at Springgrove, neai 

 Braidwood, New South Wales. It is oi double size, and fired 

 directly. Three men were working this plant, mutually performing 

 the necessary duties such as cutting the leaves, carting, and 

 distilling. The -perils 1 cine, worked weie the ' Narrow-leaf ,: 

 and "Broad-leal Peppermints," E. phellandra and E. dives, and 

 from 75 to 80 pounds ol oil wire obtained at each distillation. 

 The value of this crude oil at the stills in November, 1919, was 

 7.jd. per pound, so that good wages can be secured with a, simple 

 plant oi this description. The tank shows the stirrup form "I 

 fastening on the lid, and two straight pipes, laid in water, for 

 condensing the steam. (Mr. A. J. Bedwell.) 

 Plate No. 107. The more common type of still in winch two tanks 

 are coupled together and. fired directly. The condensing arrange- 

 ment is usually the long straight 2-inch iron pipe, and the cover 

 is fastened with steel clips. These stills are usually employed in New 

 Smith Wales for working the "Peppermint" species. Mr. McGrath. 

 Plate No. 108. The arrangement of three directly fired tanks linked 

 together. In this plant either one, two, or three tanks could 

 be worked at the same time. The condenser was fixed in a 

 similar tank at the rear, into which the water was pumped from a 

 creek running near the tree.* (Australian Eucalyptus Oil Co. 

 I'i. All-. No. 101,. Four square tanks linked together and worked with 

 a boiler. This plant was in operation at Wyalong, New South 

 Wales, distilling /:'. polybradca. The yield of oil from this 

 species is less than from either the "Narrow" or ' Broad leal 

 Peppermint," consequently the value of the oil at the stills is 

 greater than that ol the crude phellandrene-bearing "Peppermint" 

 oils. Wattle Brand Eucalyptus Oil Co.) 

 Plate No. no. A plant in operation on the Cygnet River, Kangaroo 

 Island, South Australia. The species being worked were /•_'. cne> 

 folia and E. odorata. The distillation was carried out by dired 

 firing, the tank being a large one, holding about 4,000 pounds ol 

 partly dried leaves, or .5,000 pounds of green leaves with terminal 

 branchleti ["he bottom pari was set in bricks, the uppei 



1 if,,<, .' '. mi , 1 in 1 1 Mini u bii Ii 1 he oil '"i ii'h in 



genm 1-ao b1 . ■ 1 m-il . 



