PARMACELLA. 221 



Section EUMILAX, Bottger, 1881. 



A. BRANDTI, Martens. 



An unfigured species, rugose, with blackish-brown back, carina 

 and shield, the sides with oblique black lines, the shield with 

 black spots, central zone of foot white, marginal zones grayish 

 black. Respiratory orifice anterior. Length, 3 inches. 



Caucasus. 



Unfigured Species of Amalia. 



A. KOBELTT, Hesse. Greece. 



A. NIGRICANS, Schultz. Sicily. 



Declared by Lessona and Pollonera to be a doubtful species ; 

 referred by different authors to A. marginata or A. go gates. 



A. ATRATA, Mabille. Portugal. 



A. MONTEROSATT, Bourg. Sicily. 



A. EMARGTNATA, Hutton. New Zealand. 



A. NIGRTCOLLUS, Tate. . Tasmania. 



A. TASMANICA, Tate. Tasmania. 



A. ANTIPODARUM, Gray. New Zealand. 



Genus PARMACELLA, Cuvier, 1805. 



The development of Parmacella is very remarkable. At first 

 the embryo is enclosed in an operculated spiral shell ; then, as it 

 grows larger the mantle is reflected over the margin of the peris- 

 tome, resembling a Vitrina ; subsequent growth of the mantle 

 covers the shell except a small perforation over the nucleus, and 

 the further growth of the shell is secreted from the inner portion 

 of the mantle, forming a plate as in Limax. 



The arrangement of the species is taken from a valuable mono- 

 graphic paper by H. Crosse, published in the Journal de Con- 

 chyliologie, 329, 1880. Mr. Crosse, who kept individuals in 

 confinement for the purpose of studying their habits, states that 

 they are herbivorous and nocturnal, remaining inactive and con- 

 cealed during the day, the anterior portion contracted beneath 

 the mantle. The eggs, thirt3 r -four in number, "were oval, covered 

 with a thin pellicle, and four millimetres long. 



