276 CLATHURELLA. 



Yar. RUDIS, Scacchi. Whorls less convex, shell thicker, apex 



more obtuse than the type, sculpture closer, less lamellar, 



canal shorter. Appears to form a connection between this 



species and M. purpurea. 



G. reticulata, Renieri (PL 18, fig. 35), and G. scabra, Jeffreys 



(PI. 20, fig. 79) are synonyms. 



C. CLATHRATA, Marcel de Serres. PL 33, fig. 68 ; PL 16, figs. 



68, 70. 



Conspicuously latticed with coarse sculpture ; aperture large, 

 truncate at base ; yellowish white. 



Mediterranean and Adriatic; W. Africa. 



The synonyms include G. rudis, Phil. (fig. 68) ; G. granum, 

 Phil. ; G. quadrillum, Dujardin ; G. cancellata, Calcara, and G. 

 Delosensis, Reeve (PL 16, figs. 68, 70.) 



C. LEUFROYI, Michaud. PL 18, fig. 33. 



Ribs strong, rounded, not crossing the slightly concave sub- 

 sutural area, encircled by very fine stria?, which cross the ribs ; 

 yellowish gray, under a thin yellowish brown epidermis of which 

 it is usually denuded, variegated by irregular chestnut blotches 

 arranged in two broad bands on the body-whorl, and a single 

 band on those of the spire. Length, 15-18 mill. 



Europe, Canary Islands. 



Yar. CARNOSULA, Jeffreys. Pale flesh-color. Length, 20-22 mill. 

 Yar. ALBIDA, Bucq., Dautz. et Dollf. Uniform whitish. In sponges 

 from Barbary. 



C. LINEARIS, Montagu. PL 18, fig. 34. 



Longitudinal ribs rounded, strong, crossed by rather numerous 

 revolving lines ; yellowish *ray, the lines chestnut. . 



Length, 9 mill. 



Europe, Canary Islands. 



Animal sluggish, frequently turns on its back and floats at the 

 surface of the water, as do the related species. Spawn-cases 

 separate, hemispherical, thin, membranous, one-fifth of an inch 

 in diameter, with a small oval hole in the centre. They are 

 attached at the base to the inside of old bivalve shells and to 

 other smooth surfaces. Each capsule contains from 200 to 300 

 fry. These are of a brown color and exquisitely reticulated, each 



