xviii LIFE OF ELIE METCHNIKOFF 

 CHAPTEE XVIII 



/" 1883. Messina — Inception of the phagocyte theory — Encourage- 

 ^'^- ment from Virchow and Kleinenberg — First paper on phago- 

 cytosis at a Congress at Odessa in 1883 — The question of 

 vmmv.nit'tj — Article in Virchow'e Archiv, 1884 . . 115 



CHAPTEE XIX 



1884-1885. Ill-health of his wife and sister-in-law — Journey 

 to Tangiers through Spain — Villefranche — Baumgarten 

 criticises the phagocyte theory . . . .123 



CHAPTEE XX 



1886. A Bacteriological Institute in Odessa — Unsatisfactory 

 conditions — Experiments on erysipelas and on relapsing 

 fever ....... 127 



CHAPTEE XXI 



1887. Hygiene Congress in Vienna — Wiesbaden — Munich — 

 Paris and Pasteur — Berlin and Koch — Failure of anthrax 

 vaccination of sheep — Decision to leave Russia . .131 



CHAPTEE XXII 



1888. The Pasteur Institute — Dreams realised — Metchnikoff 

 at 50 — Growing optimism — Attenuated sensitiveness — 



The Sfevres villa (1898)— Daily routine . . .135 



CHAPTEE XXIII 



1892. Opposition to the phagocyte theory — Scientific con- 

 troversies — Experiments in support of the phagocyte theory 

 — Behring and antitoxins — The London Congress — 

 Inflammation . . . .147 



CHAPTEE XXIV 



Cholera — Experiments on himself and others — Illness of M. 



Jupille — Death of an epileptic subject — Insufficient results 154 



