FAM. GEOMETRID/E 31 
Hemitheids. Pupa pale brown, speckled with blackish. Moore (Lef. Ceyl. Vol. 3, p. 419, t. 192, f. 10) 
and Semper (Schmett. Philipp. Vol. 2, p. 637, t. U, f. 16, 17) give two tolerably different-looking larvae 
(and pups) as crenaria, Guenée ; that of Semper will doubtless be cZ/ora, Cramer. 
An extremely natural genus, with probably the single exception of cinerea, Warren, of which we 
have only seen one example, and that quite cursorily; the Q we only know from Turner's characteriza- 
tion, but her shorter terminal joint of palpus and the unique resting posture of the species (see Kershaw, 
Vict, Nat. Vol. 14, p. 104, tab.) suggest at least a possibility of wide biological divergence, and Shorfisthes, 
Lucas, may ultimately require to be separated generically. As is often the case with large and homoge- 
neous groups, the delimitation of the various species is a matter of difficulty, and probably some of the 
forms which we here record as species should fall as subspecies or synonyms; some we have not even 
seen, while others have only been examined from the standpoint of their generic status, the specific 
being left for another occasion. 
Type of the genus : Pingasa ruginaria (Guenée) — Hypochroma ruginaria, Guenée. 
Geographical distribution of species. — Indo-Australian and African. 
SEcTION I, — 9 palpus with third joint considerably longer than second (Pimgasa, Moore). 
I. P. ruginaria (Guenée). W. Africa to Formosa. 
Hypochroma ruginaria, Guenée, Spec. Gén. Lép. Vol. 9, p. 278 (1858). 
Hypochroma commutata, Walker. List Lep. Ins. Brit. Mus. Vol. 21, p. 429 
(1860). 
Hypochroma communicans, Walker, ibidem, p. 430 (1860). 
Hypochroma perfectaría, Walker, ibidem, p. 434 (1860). 
Hypochroma nyctemerata, Walker, ibidem, p. 444 (1860). 
Hyypochroma grandidieri, Butler, Cist. Ent. Vol. 2, p. 394 (1879) (var. ?). 
Pingasa ruginaria, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. Vol. 3, p. 419 (1887). 
Pingasa decristata, Warren, Novit. Zool. Vol. 9, p. 492 (1902) (fide Swinhoe, 
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1904, p. 540). 
2. P. chlora (Stoll). Malaysia, New Guinea, 
[Phalaena Geometra|] chlora, Stoll, 1n Cramer, Pap. Exot. iVio1:4- 0p: 283; Australia ; ? India. 
t. 398, f. C (1782) [PAalaena Pyralis, ex err., ibidem, p. 248]. 
Pseudoterpna ecchloraria, Hübner, Verz. bek, Schmett, p. 285 (1826?). 
Phalaena chlora, Verloren, Cat. Ins. Lep. Crameri, p. 268 (1837). 
Terpna chlora, Herrich-Scháffer, Samml. Aussereur. Schmett, Vol. r, p. 37 
(1856). 
Hypochroma chloraria, Guenée, Spec. Gén. Lép. Vol. 9, p. 277 (1858). 
? Hypochroma crenaria, Guenée, ibidem, p. 278 (1858). 
Hypochroma chlora, Walker, List Lep. Ins. Brit. Mus. Vol. 21, p. 437 (1860). 
? Boarmia leucostigmaria, Nietner, Observ. Enem. Coffee-tree, p. 23 (1861) 
Hypochroma sublimbata, Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat.Hist. (5), Vol.10, p. 232 (1882). 
Hypochroma paulinaría, Pagenstecher. Jahrb. Nassau. Ver. Naturk. Vol. 38, 
p- 47, t. 1, f. 1 (1885). 
? Pingasa crenaria, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. Vol. 3, p. 419, t. 102, f. 1, 15 (1887). 
? Pingasa leucostigmaria, Moore, ibidem, p. 420 (1887). 
Pingasa candidaria, Warren, Novit. Zool. Vol. 1, p. 382 (1894) (var. ?). 
Pseudoterpna chlora, Swinhoe, "rans, Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 170 (1894). 
? Pseudoterpna crenaría, Semper, Reisen Philipp. (2), Vol. 6, p. 637 (1902). 
3. P. lariaría (Walker) (praec. form. ?). N. India to Borneo, New 
Hypochroma lariaria, Walker, List Lep. Ins. Brit. Mus, Vol. 21, p 433(186r). Guinea. 
Hypochroma irroratariía, Moore, Proc Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 632 (1867). 
Pingasa irrorataria, Cotes & Swinhoe, Cat. Moths Ind. (4), p. 506 (1588). 
4. P. pseudoterpnaria ( Guenée). China, Corea, Japan. 
Hypochroma pseudoterpuaria, Guenée, Spec. Gén. Lép. Vol. o, p. 276 (1858). 
Hypochroma pryeri, Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), Vol. z, p. 398(1878); 
Ill. Het. Coll. Brit. Mus. Vol. 3. p. 35, t. 49, f. 9 (1879). 
Pseudoterpna. pseudoterpnaria, Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), Vol. 20, 
p 228 (1897). 
