FAM. GEOMETRIDZE 211 
We refer here all the frenulum-losing species of the Comibaena-group which have all four spurs 
present in both sexes. The relation to Comibaema is quite certain, by characters of palpus, genitalia, 
larva, etc. It is not quite certain, however. that Section II may not form a distinct genus, the palpus 
being more slender and the larva and genitalia at present unstudied. Its extremely long antennal 
pectinations, with only a very short apical extremity simple, and the point-anastomosis of vein C of the 
hindwing 1) further help to place it a little apart, and its aspect is rather nearer to the Comostola-group 
than to typical Euchloris. With it, however, it shares the strong tendency to escape the stalking of SC? of 
hindwing, the general proportions of palpus and build of legs. The species in Section I are quite 
homogeneous in essentials, though covering almost the full range of the recognized venational variants. 
It is curious that we have only observed one species (f/usiaria) in which SC! ever anastomoses with SC?, 
and that in the specimens where this occurs it is always separate from C, though in some other specimens 
of the same species it anastomoses with C (as occasionally happens in most of its congeners). 
Tyne of the genus : Euchloris smaragdaria (Fabricius) — PAalaena smaragdaría, Fabricius (1826?). 
Geographical distribution of species. — Palcarctic Region, India. 
SECTION I. — Palpus stout; cf antennal pectinations moderately long. 
I. E. smaragdaria (Fabricius). Palearctic Region 
Phalaena smaragdaria, Fabricius, Mant. Ins. Vol. 2, p. 192 (1787). 
Geometra smaragdaria, De Villers, Linn. Ent. Vol 4, p. 499 (1789). 
Euchloris smaragdaria, Hübner, Verz. bek. Schmett. p. 283 (1826?). 
Hemithea smaragdaria, Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lép. Vol. 7 (2), p. 251, t. 152, 
f. 5 (1829). 
Hipparchus smaragdarius, Curtis, Brit. Ent. Vol. 7, fol. 3oo (1830). 
Phórodesma smaragdaria, Boisduval, Gen. et Ind. Meth. Eur. Lep. p. 179 
(1840). 
Geometra smaragdaria, var. gigantea, Milliere, Icon. Chen. Vol. 3, p. 423, 
t. 152. f. 16-18 (1874) (var. et ab.). 
Phorodesma smaragdaria, var. castiliaria, Staudinger, Iris, Vol. 5, p. 141 
(1892) (ead. ac. prac.). 
Phorodesma smaragdaria, aberr. obsoleta, alinea, unilimea, caeruleo-vtridis et 
viridis, Burrows, Ent. Rec. Vol. 12, p. 115 (1900). 
2. E. immaculata (Thunberg) (huj. gen. ?) (prec. ab.?). Sweden (?). 
Geometra immaculata, 'Thunberg, Diss. Ins. Suec. (1). p. 8 (1784). 
Nemoria immaculata, Aurivilius, Nord. Fjár. p 198 (1891). 
Euchloris (?) immaculata, Staudinger, Cat. (ed. 3), p. 263 (19o1). 
3. E. volgaria (Guenée) (smaragdaria var. ?). S. E. Russia to CentralAsia. 
Geometra prasinaria, Eversmann, Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, 1837, n? 2, p. 53 
(1837) (non Hufnagel, 1767, nec Schiffermüller, 1775). 
Geomzetra volgaria, Guenée, Spec. Gén. Lép. Vol. 9, p. 344 (1858). 
Phorodesma smaragdaría, var. prasinaria, Staudinger, Cat. (ed. 1), p. 63 (1861). 
Phorodesma smaragdaria, var. prasinaría, var. mongolica, Staudinger, Iris, 
Vol. 9, p. 271 (1897) (var.?). 
4. E. blusiaria ( Boisduval). Spain, Algeria. 
Thetidia plustaria (Rambur, ined.), Boisduval, Gen. et Ind. Meth. Eur. 
Lep. p. 189 (1840). 
Phorodesma plusiaría, Lederer, Verh Zool.bot. Ver Wien, Vol. 3, p. 172 
(1853). 
Euchloris plusraria, Staudinger, Cat. (ed. 3), p. 263 (1901). 
5. E. albocostaria ( Bremer). E. Siberia, Japan, Corea. 
Euchloris albocostaría, Bremer, Mém. Acad. Sc. St.-Pétersb. Vol. 8, p. 76, 
t. 6, f. 22 (1864). 
Phorodesma albicostaria, Staudinger, Cat. (ed. 2), p. 144 (1871). 
1) This is someti nes ina measure shared by Psiaria, but there the anastomosis is only accidental, followed by gradual divergence. 
